{"id":5174,"date":"2026-01-23T00:55:59","date_gmt":"2026-01-22T23:55:59","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=5174"},"modified":"2026-10-10T17:58:58","modified_gmt":"2026-10-10T15:58:58","slug":"presun-chramu-v-sakkara","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2026\/01\/23\/presun-chramu-v-sakkara\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159esun chr\u00e1mu v Sakkara"},"content":{"rendered":"

Od roku 1960 za\u010dali Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 stav\u011bt p\u0159ehradu p\u0159es Nil.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Jej\u00ed hr\u00e1z m\u00e1 v\u00fd\u0161ku 111 metr\u016f a je 3,8 kilometru dlouh\u00e1. Monument\u00e1ln\u00ed stavba byla dokon\u010dena v roce 1970, st\u00e1la miliardu dolar\u016f. S projektem pomohli sov\u011bt\u0161t\u00ed in\u017een\u00fd\u0159i, co\u017e pos\u00edlilo inklinaci tehdej\u0161\u00edho Egypta k Sov\u011btsk\u00e9mu svazu.<\/p>\n

Gigantick\u00e1 Asu\u00e1nsk\u00e1 p\u0159ehrada zvedla hladinu Nilu a jeho vody by zatopily jedine\u010dn\u00e9 historick\u00e9 pam\u00e1tky \u2014 skaln\u00ed chr\u00e1my s obrovsk\u00fdmi sochami sed\u00edc\u00edho fara\u00f3na Ramsese II. a jeho \u017eeny Nefertari pobl\u00ed\u017e Abu Simbelu, kter\u00e9 byly vybudov\u00e1ny p\u0159ed 3200 lety.<\/p>\n

Vl\u00e1da Egypta ve spolupr\u00e1ci s UNESCO vypracovala pl\u00e1n p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed chr\u00e1m\u016f nad hladinu \u0159eky. Rozpo\u010det z\u00e1chrann\u00fdch prac\u00ed, jejich\u017e veden\u00edm byl pov\u011b\u0159en egyptolog prof. dr. Louis A. Christophe, \u010dinil 36 mili\u00f3n\u016f dolar\u016f; z toho 11,5 mili\u00f3nu dolar\u016f hradil Egypt a zbytek zaplat\u00ed vl\u00e1dy 45 st\u00e1t\u016f z cel\u00e9ho sv\u011bta.<\/p>\n

Na kresb\u011b je zn\u00e1zorn\u011bn postup demont\u00e1\u017ee, p\u0159epravy a um\u00edst\u011bn\u00ed obou architektonick\u00fdch klenot\u016f. Chr\u00e1m byl roz\u0159ez\u00e1n na kamenn\u00e9 bloky a zase sestaven o 65 metr\u016f v\u00fd\u0161e na sk\u00e1le, pod n\u00ed\u017e p\u016fvodn\u011b st\u00e1l. Nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed z blok\u016f, kter\u00e9 byl p\u0159em\u00edst\u011bn, m\u011bl hmotnost a\u017e 30 tun.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vody \u00fadoln\u00ed p\u0159ehrady stoupnou o 62 m a zatopily by chr\u00e1m Ramsesa II. (1) i fara\u00f3novy \u017eeny Nefertari. Nil (3) byl ohrani\u010den ocelov\u00fdmi traverzami (4) zapu\u0161t\u011bn\u00fdmi do betonov\u00e9 hr\u00e1ze (5), po n\u00ed\u017e byly rozebran\u00e9 chr\u00e1my dopraveny na n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161inu (6, 7). Vzadu za chr\u00e1mem (8) se musel odkopat asi 10 m hlubok\u00fd polokruh v p\u00edskovci, aby vznikl dostate\u010dn\u00fd prostor (9). Pak se za\u010dalo s vykop\u00e1vkami podzemn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti chr\u00e1mu (10). Do vchodu chr\u00e1mu (11) byla zapu\u0161t\u011bna betonov\u00e1 roura, nebo\u0165 cel\u00e1 fas\u00e1da se zajist\u00ed n\u00e1sypem z p\u00edsku (12), aby se p\u0159i demont\u00e1\u017e\u00ed p\u0159ede\u0161lo po\u0161kozen\u00ed. V pr\u016fb\u011bhu t\u011bchto prac\u00ed stoupla voda Nilu o 13 m (13), ale to u\u017e chr\u00e1my byly po \u010d\u00e1stech p\u0159epraveny. Nil bude sahat asi 2 m pod skaln\u00ed st\u011bnu (14). V\u0161echny d\u00edly chr\u00e1m\u016f byly um\u00edst\u011bny na skladi\u0161ti (15), kde je za pomoc\u00ed je\u0159\u00e1bov\u00e9ho mostu znovu sestav\u00ed a vyztu\u017e\u00ed \u017eelezobetonovou konstrukc\u00ed. Nefertariin chr\u00e1m (16) a Ramses\u016fv chr\u00e1m (17) se pak ocitly o 68 m v\u00fd\u0161e, ne\u017e dosud st\u00e1ly; p\u0159ed tlakem neusazen\u00e9 horniny jsou chr\u00e1n\u011bny betonov\u00fdmi kopulemi (zn\u00e1zorn\u011bno u \u010d. 16). Odborn\u00edci a d\u011bln\u00edci bydleli \u0161est let nedaleko staveni\u0161t\u011b (18).<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Od roku 1960 za\u010dali Egyp\u0165an\u00e9 stav\u011bt p\u0159ehradu p\u0159es Nil.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":4959,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,17],"tags":[20,41,67,50],"class_list":["post-5174","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-veda","tag-afrika","tag-archeologie","tag-osobnosti","tag-technika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5174","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=5174"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5174\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":5176,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/5174\/revisions\/5176"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/4959"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=5174"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=5174"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=5174"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}