{"id":4804,"date":"2026-04-06T00:09:22","date_gmt":"2026-04-05T22:09:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=4804"},"modified":"2026-04-02T02:18:46","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T00:18:46","slug":"bozi-hrob-je-pravy","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2026\/04\/06\/bozi-hrob-je-pravy\/","title":{"rendered":"Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob je prav\u00fd"},"content":{"rendered":"

Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob v chr\u00e1mu Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Krista v Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b je ten sam\u00fd hrob, kter\u00fd objevila matka \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina v IV. stolet\u00ed.<\/strong><\/p>\n

K t\u011bmto z\u00e1v\u011br\u016fm do\u0161li v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci po pr\u016fzkumu svatyn\u011b.<\/p>\n

Nen\u00ed to tak d\u00e1vno, kdy \u010dasopis National Geographic ohl\u00e1sil sv\u00fdm \u010dten\u00e1\u0159\u016fm, \u017ee poprv\u00e9 po 500 letech mohli archeologov\u00e9 odstranit mramorovou desku \u00fadajn\u00e9ho hrobu Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e Krista. Tu ulo\u017eil roku 1555 franti\u0161k\u00e1n Bonif\u00e1c Raguzski, aby ochr\u00e1nil svatyni p\u0159ed t\u011bmi, kte\u0159\u00ed by cht\u011bli odn\u00e9st \u010d\u00e1sti jako relikvie. Pod n\u00ed se nach\u00e1zela dal\u0161\u00ed, u\u017e ne smetanov\u011b b\u00edl\u00e1, ale \u0161ed\u00e1 deska s obrazem k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9ho k\u0159\u00ed\u017ee, kterou sem pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b um\u00edstili ve XII. stolet\u00ed k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ci. Podle odborn\u00edk\u016f je to d\u016fkaz, \u017ee Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob je toto\u017en\u00fd s hrobkou, objevenou za \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina Velik\u00e9ho (272 -337) (1) jeho matkou, k\u0159es\u0165ankou Helenou.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Archeolog Fredrik Hiebert, kter\u00e9ho p\u0159edstavuje \u010dasopis National Geographic, \u0159ekl, \u017ee v pr\u016fb\u011bhu stalet\u00ed byl chr\u00e1m opakovan\u011b vystaven p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00edm katastrof\u00e1m (po\u017e\u00e1r\u016fm a zem\u011bt\u0159esen\u00edm) a tak\u00e9 \u010detn\u00fdm n\u00e1jezd\u016fm barbar\u016f. Na\u0161t\u011bst\u00ed svatyn\u011b z\u016fstala neporu\u0161en\u00e1. V\u011bdci zjistili, pro\u010d se Helena zaj\u00edmala o vykop\u00e1vky na Kalv\u00e1rii, a v\u011bd\u011bla, \u017ee to je m\u00edsto, kde byl Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 Kristus poh\u0159ben.<\/p>\n

„Nev\u00edme p\u0159esn\u011b, zda tato hrobka v\u017edy byla na stejn\u00e9m m\u00edst\u011b.\u201c <\/em>vyj\u00e1d\u0159il pochybnosti cel\u00e9 v\u011bdeck\u00e9 komunity Hiebert. \u201eZd\u00e1 se, \u017ee m\u00edsto, kde se dnes poutn\u00edci modl\u00ed, je vlastn\u011b stejn\u00fd hrob, kter\u00fd byl nalezen v IV. stolet\u00ed, a kter\u00e9mu se klan\u011bli prvn\u00ed k\u0159i\u017e\u00e1ci.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Hrobka byla p\u0159ed samotn\u00fdm otev\u0159en\u00edm pe\u010dliv\u011b zkoum\u00e1na georadarem a infra\u010derven\u00fdmi skenery. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, \u00fapln\u00e9 zpracov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u0161ech \u00fadaj\u016f bude trvat n\u011bkolik m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f.<\/p>\n

Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob je hlavn\u00ed svatyn\u011b k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Podle evangelia bylo t\u011blo Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e ulo\u017eeno po smrti na Golgot\u011b do jedn\u00e9 z jeskyn\u00ed, vytesan\u00fdch do hory. Podle tradice byl hrob um\u00edst\u011bn vn\u011b m\u011bstsk\u00fdch hradeb, severoz\u00e1padn\u011b od Jeruzal\u00e9ma, v bl\u00edzkosti Kalv\u00e1rie. T\u0159et\u00ed den do\u0161lo ke vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Citujme otce c\u00edrkevn\u00ed historie Eusebius Pamphili (265-339) (1):<\/p>\n

„Tuto spasitelovu jeskyni n\u011bjac\u00ed bezbo\u017en\u00edci ve zl\u00e9m \u00famyslu cht\u011bli utajit p\u0159ed zraky lid\u00ed, s \u0161\u00edlen\u00fdm z\u00e1m\u011brem ukr\u00fdt tuto pravdu.<\/em><\/p>\n

Vykonali mnoho pr\u00e1ce, navezli odn\u011bkud mnoho zeminy a zavalili cel\u00e9 toto m\u00edsto.<\/em><\/p>\n

Potom, kdy\u017e navr\u0161ili n\u00e1sep do ur\u010dit\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky, pokryli ho kamenem, a pod t\u00edmto vysok\u00fdm n\u00e1spem ukryli bo\u017eskou jeskyni.<\/em><\/p>\n

Po dokon\u010den\u00ed t\u011bchto prac\u00ed ud\u011blali na povrchu hrob a postavili ponur\u00fd p\u0159\u00edbytek mrtv\u00fdch idol\u016f, d\u00e9mona smyslnosti Afrodity, kde na ne\u010dist\u00fdch a ohavn\u00fdch olt\u00e1\u0159\u00edch p\u0159in\u00e1\u0161eli nen\u00e1vistn\u00e9 ob\u011bti.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Na\u0159\u00edzen\u00edm c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina byl chr\u00e1mov\u00fd pahorek odkryt a tu „n\u00e1hle v hlubin\u00e1ch zem\u011b, nad o\u010dek\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, se objevil pr\u00e1zdn\u00fd prostor, a tedy Nejsv\u011bt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed Znamen\u00ed Spasitelova vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed. Tehdy se posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 jeskyn\u011b stala zp\u016fsobem, jak n\u00e1s vr\u00e1tit k \u017eivotu Spasitele.“<\/em> Matka c\u00edsa\u0159e, k\u0159es\u0165anka Helena, roku 326 „navrhla vytvo\u0159it na tomto m\u00edst\u011b modlitebnu.“<\/em><\/p>\n

Na po\u010d\u00e1tku IV. stolet\u00ed byl nad n\u00edm postaven Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob, ve kter\u00e9m ho\u0159el svat\u00fd ohe\u0148.<\/p>\n

V roce 1009 jej dal egyptsk\u00fd f\u00e1timovsk\u00fd chal\u00edfa zni\u010dit a zahladit po n\u011bm v\u0161echny stopy.<\/p>\n

A\u017e pozd\u011bji byl postaven chr\u00e1m, jen\u017e ukr\u00fdv\u00e1 jeskynn\u00ed hrob, a dnes p\u0159edstavuje obrovsk\u00fd architektonick\u00fd komplex, v\u010detn\u011b kalv\u00e1rie s m\u00edstem Uk\u0159i\u017eov\u00e1n\u00ed, K\u00e1men pomaz\u00e1n\u00ed, Kapholikon, podzemn\u00ed chr\u00e1m, chr\u00e1m svat\u00e9 Heleny a n\u011bkolik kapl\u00ed. Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161\u016fv hrob dnes zakr\u00fdv\u00e1 mal\u00e1 stavba uprost\u0159ed kostela, kter\u00e9 se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 edikula.<\/p>\n

Tento hrob je dnes hlavn\u00edm olt\u00e1\u0159em kostela Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed v Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b.<\/p>\n

V roce 1810 Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob obnovil \u0159eck\u00fd architekt Nicholas Comyn Mytilene. P\u0159i obnov\u011b pou\u017eil proporce Bo\u017e\u00edho hrobu Novojeruzal\u00e9msk\u00e9ho kl\u00e1\u0161tera Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed pobl\u00ed\u017e Moskvy.<\/p>\n

V sou\u010dasn\u00e9 dob\u011b je chr\u00e1m rozd\u011blen mezi \u0161est denominac\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 c\u00edrkve – \u0159eck\u00e9 ortodoxn\u00ed, katolick\u00e9, arm\u00e9nsk\u00e9, koptsk\u00e9, syrsk\u00e9 a etiopsk\u00e9, z nich\u017e ka\u017ed\u00e9mu je p\u0159id\u011blena kaple a hodiny k modlitb\u00e1m. To do zna\u010dn\u00e9 m\u00edry komplikuje pr\u016fb\u011bh v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho v\u00fdzkumu.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Konstantin I. Velik\u00fd. Wikipedia. Internet: https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Konstantin_I._Velik%C3%BD<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) Eusebios z Kaisareie. Wikipedia. Internet: https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eusebios_z_Kaisareie<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Bo\u017e\u00ed hrob v chr\u00e1mu Vzk\u0159\u00ed\u0161en\u00ed Krista v Jeruzal\u00e9m\u011b je ten sam\u00fd hrob, kter\u00fd objevila matka \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho c\u00edsa\u0159e Konstantina v IV.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9],"tags":[41,49],"class_list":["post-4804","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","tag-archeologie","tag-asie"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4804"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4806,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4804\/revisions\/4806"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4804"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4804"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4804"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}