{"id":4280,"date":"2025-08-10T00:11:47","date_gmt":"2025-08-09T22:11:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=4280"},"modified":"2025-08-18T02:20:51","modified_gmt":"2025-08-18T00:20:51","slug":"umime-porozumet-mimozemskym-poselstvim","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2025\/08\/10\/umime-porozumet-mimozemskym-poselstvim\/","title":{"rendered":"Um\u00edme porozum\u011bt mimozemsk\u00fdm poselstv\u00edm?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Astronom Seth Shostak \u0159ekl 21. kv\u011btna 2014 v kongresov\u00e9m V\u00fdboru pro v\u011bdu, vesm\u00edr a technologii, \u017ee za dvacet let budeme m\u00edt d\u016fkazy o existenci \u017eivota mimo Zemi.<\/strong>
\n„Bylo by divn\u00e9, kdybychom byli sami,“<\/em> \u0159ekl jeho kolega Dan Wethimer. Oba, pracuj\u00edc\u00ed na projektu SETI, tedy detekovat r\u00e1diov\u00e9 sign\u00e1ly od jin\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed, se sna\u017eili p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dit z\u00e1konod\u00e1rce, aby vy\u010dlenili v\u00edce finan\u010dn\u00edch prost\u0159edk\u016f na tento projekt.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. 1 – 27 r\u00e1diov\u00fdch ant\u00e9n o hmotnosti 230 tun v pou\u0161ti Nov\u00e9ho Mexika (USA)<\/em><\/p>\n

Bylo vypo\u010dteno, \u017ee existuje 100.000 milion\u016f galaxi\u00ed, ka\u017ed\u00fd s pr\u016fm\u011brem 100.000 milion\u016f hv\u011bzd. Je velmi pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9, \u017ee n\u011bkde existuje inteligentn\u00ed \u017eivot.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, vzhledem k obrovsk\u00fdm kosmick\u00fdm vzd\u00e1lenostem, je kontakt tv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed v tv\u00e1\u0159, ve stylu fantastick\u00fdch film\u016f, velmi miziv\u00e1. Ov\u0161em je zde \u0161ance na zachycen\u00ed ciz\u00edho r\u00e1diov\u00e9ho vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed, stejn\u011b jako mo\u017enost, \u017ee mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 zachyt\u00ed na\u0161e vys\u00edl\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

NASA vydala v kv\u011btnu lo\u0148sk\u00e9ho roku knihu Archaeology, anthropology and interstellar communication (Archeologie, antropologie a mezihv\u011bzdn\u00e1 komunikace), kterou m\u016f\u017eete st\u00e1hnout zde (1). V n\u00ed antropologov\u00e9, archeologov\u00e9, jazykov\u011bdci, psychologov\u00e9 a dal\u0161\u00ed odborn\u00edci uva\u017euj\u00ed o situaci po obdr\u017een\u00ed prvn\u00ed mimozemsk\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy. M\u016f\u017eeme se zapojit do dialogu se vzd\u00e1lenou civilizac\u00ed, kter\u00e1 s n\u00e1mi nem\u00e1 nic spole\u010dn\u00e9ho ani biologicky nebo kulturn\u011b?<\/p>\n

Nem\u00e1me Rosettskou desku<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u010cten\u00e1\u0159i a div\u00e1ci sci-fi knih a film\u016f si zvykli, \u017ee kdy\u017e radioteleskopy obdr\u017e\u00ed ciz\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu, dojde ke kontaktu je\u0161t\u011b dnes, a zpr\u00e1vu v\u011bdci rozlu\u0161t\u00ed za n\u011bkolik t\u00fddn\u016f, maxim\u00e1ln\u011b m\u011bs\u00edc\u016f. Zjist\u00ed se, \u017ee obyvatel\u00e9 jin\u00fdch sv\u011bt\u016f jsou humanoidi, kte\u0159\u00ed se li\u0161\u00ed od n\u00e1s jen t\u00edm, \u017ee jsou jinak rostl\u00ed a nebo maj\u00ed \u0161pi\u010dat\u00e9 u\u0161i.
\nSamoz\u0159ejm\u011b bychom cht\u011bli v\u011bd\u011bt, zda nejsme sami. Ale de\u0161ifrovat, co se \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 ve zpr\u00e1v\u011b, m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt ne\u0159e\u0161iteln\u00fd \u00fakol.<\/p>\n

„Jako archeologov\u00e9 rekonstruuj\u00ed \u017eivot d\u00e1vn\u00e9 civilizace pomoc\u00ed zlomkovit\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f, v\u00fdzkumn\u00edci v projektu SETI doufaj\u00ed, \u017ee pochop\u00edme civilizace, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 od n\u00e1s v prostoru a \u010dasu. A jako antropologov\u00e9, kte\u0159\u00ed se sna\u017e\u00ed navzdory rozd\u00edl\u016fm jazyka a spole\u010densk\u00fdch zvyk\u016f pochopit jin\u00e9 kultury, mus\u00edme pochopit mentalitu druhu, kter\u00fd je radik\u00e1ln\u011b jin\u00fd,“<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 psycholog Douglas Vakoch (2) z Institutu SETI.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. 2 Rosetsk\u00e1 deska<\/em><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci \u010dasto p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00ed p\u0159\u00edklad rozlu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed egyptsk\u00fdch hieroglyf\u016f. \u0160lo o z\u00e1hadu po cel\u00e1 stalet\u00ed a\u017e je Jean-Fran\u00e7ois Champollion (3) rozlu\u0161til v19. stolet\u00ed d\u00edky Rosettsk\u00e9 desce (4), kde byl toto\u017en\u00fd text zaps\u00e1n ve t\u0159ech druz\u00edch p\u00edsma – starov\u011bk\u00fdch egyptsk\u00fdch hieroglyfech, d\u00e9motick\u00e9m egyptsk\u00e9m p\u00edsmu a ve star\u00e9 \u0159e\u010dtin\u011b. Tento jazyk dal kl\u00ed\u010d k \u010dten\u00ed hieroglyf\u016f.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, nem\u00e1me jistotu, \u017ee zpr\u00e1va z hv\u011bzd bude obdobou Rosettsk\u00e9 desky, abychom ji mohli p\u0159elo\u017eit do pozemsk\u00e9ho jazyka.<\/p>\n

Univers\u00e1ln\u00ed jazyk?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Archeolo\u017eka a antropolo\u017eka Kathryn Denning (5) z univerzity v Yorku varuje p\u0159ed t\u00edm, \u017ee hledat podobnosti v jin\u00fdch kultur\u00e1ch m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i z\u00e1va\u017en\u00fd zdroj konflikt\u016f a chyb v kulturn\u00edm porozum\u011bn\u00ed. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, lid\u00e9 \u010dasto p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee ti druz\u00ed jsou ve zvyc\u00edch a chov\u00e1n\u00ed podobn\u00ed. A to je riskantn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b kontaktu lidsk\u00fdch kultur, co na teprve p\u0159i styku s mimozem\u0161\u0165any!<\/p>\n

Denning p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1 ve sv\u00e9 knize \u201eCosmos\u201c, slova astrofyzika Carla Sagana (6), kter\u00fd tvrdil, \u017ee matematika, fyzika a chemie by mohlo b\u00fdt jakousi kosmickou Rosettou: jde o spole\u010dn\u00fd jazyk, kter\u00fd mus\u00ed m\u00edt technick\u00e9 civilizace, p\u0159es v\u0161echny odli\u0161nosti. Z\u00e1kony p\u0159\u00edrody jsou v\u0161ude stejn\u00e9.
\nDenning je v\u0161ak skeptick\u00e1 k tomu, \u017ee by matematika mohla zajistit mezihv\u011bzdnou komunikaci, proto\u017ee stejn\u011b jako jazyk, m\u00e1 i matematika sv\u016fj vlastn\u00ed kulturn\u00ed kontext.<\/p>\n

P\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1, \u017ee p\u0159es desetilet\u00ed a dokonce stalet\u00ed v\u00fdzkumu z\u016fstalo nerozlu\u0161t\u011bno i pozemsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo Rongorongo z Velikono\u010dn\u00edho ostrova nebo line\u00e1rn\u00ed p\u00edsmo A z Kr\u00e9ty. Pokud jsme nebyli schopni p\u0159elo\u017eit starov\u011bk\u00e9 pozemsk\u00e9 p\u00edsmo bez n\u011bjak\u00e9 znalosti mluven\u00e9ho jazyka, ze kter\u00e9ho vych\u00e1zely, jak\u00e9 vyhl\u00eddky mohou b\u00fdt p\u0159i porozum\u011bn\u00ed r\u00e1diov\u00fdm p\u0159enos\u016fm z jin\u00fdch sv\u011bt\u016f, ze kter\u00fdch nezn\u00e1me v\u016fbec nic?<\/p>\n

Antropolog Paul K. Wason (7) se tak\u00e9 podivuje nad t\u00edm, \u017ee chceme komunikovat s mimozem\u0161\u0165any, kdy\u017e m\u00e1me pot\u00ed\u017ee pochopit symbolick\u00e1 vyobrazen\u00ed v Evrop\u011b, star\u00e9 12.000 let, zhotoven\u00e9 \u010dleny na\u0161eho vlastn\u00edho druhu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. 3 P\u00edsmo Rongorongo<\/em><\/p>\n

Expert na um\u011blou inteligenci William Edmonston \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee historie uk\u00e1zala, jak je komunikace se samotn\u00fdmi inteligentn\u00edmi pozem\u0161\u0165any, je velmi problematick\u00e1, proto\u017ee nejsme schopni pochopit c\u00edl mnoha z jeho v\u00fdtvor\u016f v minulosti. Pro n\u011bkter\u00e9 geoglyfy, nap\u0159. na planin\u011b Nazca, nem\u00e1me jak\u00fdkoli z\u00e1chytn\u00fd bod k ur\u010den\u00ed, zda obsahuje skute\u010dn\u00e9 zpr\u00e1vy nebo shluk znak\u016f bez smyslu.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho p\u0159edpoklad\u016f<\/strong><\/p>\n

\u201eNev\u00edme, zda cizinci budou vn\u00edmat a poj\u00edmat realitu podobn\u011b jako my nebo sv\u00fdm vlastn\u00edm zp\u016fsobem, se stejn\u00fdmi pozn\u00e1vac\u00edmi kategoriemi, nebo budou dokonce komunikovat prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm vizu\u00e1ln\u00edch a zvukov\u00fdch kan\u00e1l\u016f,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Richard Saint-Gelais, profesor literatury na univerzit\u011b Laval v Quebecu. (8)
\nVizu\u00e1ln\u00ed a zvukov\u00e9 spektrum, kter\u00e9 zachycuj\u00ed na\u0161e smysly je omezen\u00e9, i kdy\u017e jde o v\u00fdsledek stovek mili\u00f3n\u016f let evoluce na Zemi, a je z\u00e1kladem na\u0161eho pohledu na realitu. Jen\u017ee smysly cizinc\u016f mohou b\u00fdt \u00fapln\u011b odli\u0161n\u00e9 od na\u0161eho pojet\u00ed kosmu.<\/p>\n

„Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9 nav\u00e1zat komunikaci mezi dv\u011bma skupinami \u017eiv\u00fdch bytost\u00ed kter\u00e9 1) maj\u00ed nez\u00e1vislou biologickou evoluci, 2) maj\u00ed odd\u011blenou kulturn\u00ed historii a 3) nikdy p\u0159edt\u00edm nekomunikovali?“, pt\u00e1 se filozof a etolog Lestel Dominique (9). Nem\u00e1 \u017e\u00e1dnou odpov\u011b\u010f na tyto ot\u00e1zky. Domn\u00edv\u00e1 se tedy, \u017ee lidstvo by mohlo m\u00edt velmi dobr\u00e9 politick\u00e9, psychologick\u00e9 a dokonce i metafyzick\u00e9 d\u016fvody k tomu, aby se kontaktu s mimozemskou civilizac\u00ed zabr\u00e1nilo\u2026<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) Archaeology, anthropology and interstellar communication – http:\/\/www.nasa.gov\/connect\/ebooks\/archaeology_anthropology_and_interstellar_communication.html<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/www.seti.org\/users\/douglas-vakoch<\/a> <\/em>
\n(3) https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Jean-Fran%C3%A7ois_Champollion<\/a> <\/em>
\n(4) https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Rosettsk%C3%A1_deska<\/a><\/em>
\n(5) http:\/\/www.yorku.ca\/kdenning\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(6) https:\/\/cs.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Carl_Sagan<\/a><\/em>
\n(7) https:\/\/www.templeton.org\/who-we-are\/our-team\/staff\/paul-k-wason-phd<\/a> <\/em>
\n(8) http:\/\/www.lit.ulaval.ca\/personnel\/professeurs\/saint-gelais-richard\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(9) https:\/\/fr.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Dominique_Lestel<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Astronom Seth Shostak \u0159ekl 21. kv\u011btna 2014 v kongresov\u00e9m V\u00fdboru pro v\u011bdu, vesm\u00edr a technologii, \u017ee za dvacet let budeme<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":429,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,19],"tags":[58],"class_list":["post-4280","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-mimozemstane"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4280","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=4280"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4280\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4284,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/4280\/revisions\/4284"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/429"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=4280"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=4280"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=4280"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}