{"id":3999,"date":"2024-12-13T00:14:33","date_gmt":"2024-12-12T23:14:33","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=3999"},"modified":"2025-07-07T01:31:14","modified_gmt":"2025-07-06T23:31:14","slug":"kdo-byl-otto-lilienthal","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/12\/13\/kdo-byl-otto-lilienthal\/","title":{"rendered":"Kdo byl Otto Lilienthal"},"content":{"rendered":"

10. srpna 1896, se vznesl Otto Lilienthal<\/em> op\u011bt do vzduchu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"M\u011bl za sebou ji\u017e tolik pokus\u016f, \u017ee v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee i tento let nebude posledn\u00ed, \u017ee brzy opat\u0159\u00ed sv\u00e9 kluz\u00e1ky motorem a \u017ee polet\u00ed d\u00e1l a v\u00fd\u0161, \u017ee za\u010dne dal\u0161\u00ed, novou s\u00e9rii pokusn\u00fdch let\u016f, kter\u00e9 budou m\u00edt je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed \u00fasp\u011bch ne\u017e v\u0161echno jeho dosavadn\u00ed bezmotorov\u00e9 l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel, tento srpnov\u00fd leteck\u00fd pokus by! Lilienthalov\u00fdm pokusem posledn\u00edm. Skon\u010dil ne\u0161\u0165astn\u011b. Letec se po kr\u00e1tk\u00e9m letu z\u0159\u00edtil a zanedlouho na \u010detn\u00e1 t\u011b\u017ek\u00e1 zran\u011bn\u00ed zem\u0159el.<\/p>\n

N\u011bmeck\u00fd in\u017een\u00fdr Otto Lilienthal se zab\u00fdval probl\u00e9my l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed mnoho let, a to teoreticky i prakticky. N\u011bkolikalet\u00e9 studium letu pt\u00e1k\u016f ho nakonec p\u0159ivedlo k tomu, \u017ee p\u0159i konstrukci sv\u00fdch l\u00e9tac\u00edch za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed vyu\u017eil podobn\u00fdch p\u0159ednosti, jak\u00e9 maj\u00ed pt\u00e1ci \u2014 prohnut\u00e9ho profilu k\u0159\u00eddel. Ne\u00fanavn\u011b po\u010d\u00edtal, kreslil, r\u00fdsoval pl\u00e1ny, a\u017e se kone\u010dn\u011b pustil do konstrukc\u00ed jednoduch\u00fdch lehk\u00fdch bezmotorov\u00fdch kluz\u00e1k\u016f a zkou\u0161el s nimi i l\u00e9tat. Sv\u016fj prvn\u00ed let uskute\u010dnil v roce 1891 nedaleko Berl\u00edna. Na jednom m\u00edst\u011b si nechal nav\u00e9zt kopec zeminy, na jeho\u017e vrcholku um\u00edstil pro kluz\u00e1ky mal\u00fd \u201ehang\u00e1r, odkud mohl startovat se sv\u00fdmi jednoduch\u00fdmi letouny na kteroukoliv stranu, kdykoliv se mu zl\u00edbilo. (obr. 3) Mal\u00fd pahorek byl skute\u010dn\u011b dobr\u00fd n\u00e1pad, proto\u017ee letec nebyl na sm\u011bru v\u011btru v\u016fbec z\u00e1visl\u00fd. Mohl prov\u00e9st leteck\u00fd pokus t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u017edy, a\u0165 foukal v\u00edtr od severu, od v\u00fdchodu nebo z jin\u00fdch stran.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed Lilienthal\u016fv let byl krati\u010dk\u00fd, byl to vlastn\u011b jenom jak\u00fdsi \u201eskok\u201c vzduchem, nebo\u0165 p\u0159i n\u011bm ul\u00e9tl vzd\u00e1lenost pouh\u00fdch patn\u00e1cti metr\u016f. Hou\u017eevnat\u00fd Lilienthal pokusn\u00e9 lety st\u00e1le opakoval, aby se p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010dil, \u017ee jde spr\u00e1vnou cestou, \u017ee i vhodn\u011b upraven\u00e9 p\u0159edm\u011bty t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e vzduch se mohou vzn\u00e9st a let\u011bt. Neust\u00e1le zkou\u0161el, prom\u00fd\u0161lel a konstruoval dal\u0161\u00ed vylep\u0161en\u00e9 kluz\u00e1ky a postupn\u011b uskute\u010dnil p\u0159es dva tis\u00edce let\u016f, z nich\u017e nejdel\u0161\u00ed byl a\u017e do vzd\u00e1lenosti 350 metr\u016f. Kdyby tragicky nezahynul, jist\u011b by se dopracoval je\u0161t\u011b v\u011bt\u0161\u00edch \u00fasp\u011bch\u016f. Ale i tak pat\u0159\u00ed mezi nejslavn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed leteck\u00e9 pr\u016fkopn\u00edky a mnoz\u00ed odborn\u00edci ho pova\u017euj\u00ed za v\u016fbec prvn\u00edho \u010dlov\u011bka na sv\u011bt\u011b, kter\u00fd proved! let letounem t\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00edm ne\u017e vzduch, nebo\u0165 lety jeho p\u0159edch\u016fdc\u016f nejsou jednozna\u010dn\u011b dolo\u017eeny.<\/p>\n

Otto Lilienthal sv\u00fdmi studiemi a pokusn\u00fdmi lety v\u00fdznamn\u011b p\u0159isp\u011bl k vy\u0159e\u0161en\u00ed probl\u00e9m\u016f l\u00e9t\u00e1n\u00ed.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Lilienthalovo muzeum najdete v jeho rodi\u0161ti, v Anklamu (kde se narodil 23. kv\u011btna 1848), kter\u00e9 le\u017e\u00ed na \u0159ece Peene nedaleko \u0160t\u011bt\u00ednsk\u00e9 z\u00e1toky. V muzeu jsou um\u00edst\u011bny modely prvn\u00edch kluz\u00e1k\u016f, Lilienthalovy pl\u00e1nky t\u011bchto bezmotorov\u00fdch letoun\u016f, fotografie, je zde i kopie patentn\u00ed listiny, kterou obdr\u017eel za konstrukci sv\u00e9ho kluz\u00e1ku, a mnoho dal\u0161\u00edch zaj\u00edmav\u00fdch v\u011bc\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Web: Otto-Lilienthal-Museum Anklam<\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

10. srpna 1896, se vznesl Otto Lilienthal op\u011bt do vzduchu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":419,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,14],"tags":[67,50],"class_list":["post-3999","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-osobnosti","tag-osobnosti","tag-technika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3999","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3999"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3999\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4003,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3999\/revisions\/4003"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/419"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3999"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3999"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3999"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}