{"id":3827,"date":"2024-12-04T00:48:44","date_gmt":"2024-12-03T23:48:44","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=3827"},"modified":"2025-05-27T02:15:04","modified_gmt":"2025-05-27T00:15:04","slug":"legendarni-stonehenge-uzdravovalo-nemocne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/12\/04\/legendarni-stonehenge-uzdravovalo-nemocne\/","title":{"rendered":"Legend\u00e1rn\u00ed Stonehenge uzdravovalo nemocn\u00e9?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Diskuse o smyslu slavn\u00e9ho megalitick\u00e9ho komplexu Stonehenge u Salisbury v anglick\u00e9m hrabstv\u00ed Wiltshire, nijak neutich\u00e1.<\/strong>
\nV posledn\u00ed dob\u011b se objevila nov\u00e1 verze: profesor Timothy Darvill z univerzity v Bournemouth (1) uvedl, \u017ee komplex m\u011bl … l\u00e9\u010debnou funkci. P\u0159ich\u00e1zeli sem nemocn\u00ed, v nad\u011bji, \u017ee energie kamen\u016f je mo\u017en\u00e1 vyl\u00e9\u010d\u00ed. (2)<\/p>\n

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V\u00fdzkum t\u00e9to stavby, kter\u00e1 je zapsan\u00e1 v seznamu sv\u011btov\u00e9ho d\u011bdictv\u00ed UNESCO, trv\u00e1 od XIX. stolet\u00ed. Dodnes se nepoda\u0159ilo p\u0159esn\u011b ur\u010dit jej\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed. P\u0159edpokl\u00e1d\u00e1 se, \u017ee po\u010d\u00e1tek stavby Stonehenge spad\u00e1 na konec IV. – za\u010d\u00e1tek III. tis\u00edcilet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt star\u0161\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 5000 let.<\/p>\n

Kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00e9 prvky komplexu – hlin\u011bn\u00fd val a 30 kamenn\u00fdch pil\u00ed\u0159\u016f, kter\u00e9 tvo\u0159\u00ed kruh o 40 metrech v pr\u016fm\u011bru \u2013 vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed n\u011bkolik p\u0159edpoklad\u016f o tom, co znamenala tato stavba. Tyto verze jsou – ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce, astronomick\u00e1 observato\u0159 a kamenn\u00fd kalend\u00e1\u0159.<\/p>\n

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Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, kdy\u017e se pod\u00edv\u00e1me na Stonehenge z v\u00fd\u0161ky, m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt, \u017ee jeho kameny netvo\u0159\u00ed uzav\u0159en\u00fd kruh, typick\u00fd pro kultovn\u00ed stavby. Brit\u0161t\u00ed archeologov\u00e9 zjistili, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 kameny byly z kruhu odstran\u011bny. A to nebyly mal\u00e9 kameny, kter\u00fdmi lze snadno pohybovat a manipulovat, ale obrovsk\u00e9 balvany. Co se s nimi stalo, a kdo je k \u010demu mohl pot\u0159ebovat?<\/p>\n

Mimochodem, d\u00edky t\u011bmto „mezer\u00e1m“ v\u011bdci obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9 odpov\u00eddaj\u00ed na ot\u00e1zku, jak\u00e9 bylo p\u016fvodn\u00ed uspo\u0159\u00e1d\u00e1n\u00ed Stonehenge. \u017d\u00e1dn\u00e9 v\u00fdkopov\u00e9 nebo geofyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed studie nedok\u00e1zaly tuto ot\u00e1zku vyjasnit.<\/p>\n

Teprve ned\u00e1vno se objevila hypot\u00e9za, \u017ee komplex prost\u011b nen\u00ed dokon\u010den. Profesor historie na University v Bristolu Ronald Hutton (3) nazval tento prehistorick\u00fd monument „jedine\u010dn\u00fdm a mo\u017en\u00e1 ne\u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fdm experimentem. Sp\u00ed\u0161e katastrofou ne\u017e triumfem. (4)<\/p>\n

V\u011bdec poukazuje na to, \u017ee p\u0159i ustaven\u00ed kv\u00e1dr\u016f z p\u00edskovce na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm kruhu jeden k\u00e1men spadl a rozlomil se na dv\u011b poloviny, ale m\u00edsto jeho nahrazen\u00ed jin\u00fdm, stavitel\u00e9 rozlomen\u00e9 \u00falomky polo\u017eili na sebe a podep\u0159eli na vrchu p\u0159ekladem. Konstrukce se po n\u011bjak\u00e9 dob\u011b stejn\u011b zhroutila. „Masivn\u00ed p\u0159eklad spadl p\u0159\u00edmo na olt\u00e1\u0159, a vylomil z n\u011bj kus kamene a s\u00e1m se rozd\u011blil na dv\u011b \u010d\u00e1sti,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Hatton. \u201eA po\u0159\u00e1d le\u017e\u00ed, kde upadl. Ani se nesna\u017eili to napravit.“<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm profesor Vincent Gaffney z University v Birminghamu (5) a jeho kolegov\u00e9 z v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho projektu \u201eStonehenge Hidden Landscapes\u201c (6) za pomoc\u00ed georadaru objevili v okol\u00ed Stonehenge je\u0161t\u011b 15 objekt\u016f um\u011bl\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, postaven\u00fdch p\u0159ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 4000 lety, z nich\u017e n\u011bkter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1zej\u00ed v bezprost\u0159edn\u00ed bl\u00edzkosti zn\u00e1m\u00e9ho komplexu. Na plo\u0161e asi 6 km2 kolem Stonehenge byly nalezeny r\u016fzn\u00e9 struktury, p\u0159ipom\u00ednaj\u00edc\u00ed kamenn\u00e9 uli\u010dky, schodi\u0161t\u011b, ml\u00fdnsk\u00e9 kameny a sarkof\u00e1gy. (7)<\/p>\n

Podle Dr. Gaffneye to nejsou samostatn\u00e9 objekty, ale je to sou\u010d\u00e1st t\u00e9ho\u017e komplexu, kter\u00fd je mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e se o\u010dek\u00e1valo. „Mus\u00edme znovu nakreslit mapu prehistorie,\u201c \u0159ekl. \u201eUkazuje se, \u017ee to, co naz\u00fdv\u00e1me Stonehenge nem\u011blo 100 metr\u016f v pr\u016fm\u011bru, ale t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 3 km.“<\/p>\n

\u010c\u00e1st odkryt\u00fdch staveb se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na v\u00fdchod\u011b a z\u00e1pad\u011b od Stonehenge, a mohly b\u00fdt pou\u017eity po ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed funkce, a se v\u0161\u00ed pravd\u011bpodobnost\u00ed byly spojeny s uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00edm M\u011bs\u00edce a Slunce, uv\u00e1d\u00ed \u0161\u00e9f v\u00fdzkumn\u00e9ho t\u00fdmu.<\/p>\n

Ale to nen\u00ed v\u0161echno. Profesor Darvill z Univerzity v Bormunthu vyslovil senza\u010dn\u00ed p\u0159edpoklad, \u017ee lid\u00e9 sem p\u0159ich\u00e1zeli nejen uct\u00edvat ur\u010dit\u00e9 bohy. Je p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee Stonehenge bylo poutn\u00edm m\u00edstem pro nemocn\u00e9 a zmrza\u010den\u00e9, aby se zde l\u00e9\u010dili. Nap\u0159\u00edklad v oblasti megalit\u016f byly nalezeny poh\u0159by lid\u00ed s kostn\u00edmi defekty. Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee mezi poutn\u00edky byli lid\u00e9 s nemocemi vnit\u0159n\u00edch org\u00e1n\u016f, ale ty se bohu\u017eel nedochovaly.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho bylo zji\u0161t\u011bno, \u017ee n\u011bkter\u00e9 kameny pro stavbu Stonehenge byly dod\u00e1ny z oblasti Preseli ve Walesu, kter\u00e1 je zn\u00e1m\u00e1 pro sv\u00e9 l\u00e9\u010div\u00e9 vlastnosti. U mnoha kamen\u016f je z\u0159ejm\u00e9, \u017ee se od nich odlamovaly men\u0161\u00ed kousky. V XVIII. stolet\u00ed, podle kronik, lid\u00e9 od\u0161tipovali fragmenty megalit\u016f, aby z nich vyr\u00e1b\u011bli talismany. Podle legend m\u011bly chr\u00e1nit p\u0159ed nemocemi a neduhy.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 to n\u011bjak souvis\u00ed s „nedostatkem“ balvan\u016f v kruhu? V\u017edy\u0165 lid\u00e9, aby byli zdrav\u00ed, ud\u011blaj\u00ed cokoli \u2013 t\u0159eba i ukradnou velk\u00e9 kameny! A pak, kdo \u0159ekl, \u017ee je odvezli vcelku? Koneckonc\u016f, mohli je rozl\u00e1mat na mal\u00e9 kousky a postupn\u011b prod\u00e1vat…<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/staffprofiles.bournemouth.ac.uk\/display\/tdarvill<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/www.bbc.co.uk\/history\/ancient\/british_prehistory\/healing_stones.shtml<\/a> <\/em>
\n(3) http:\/\/research-information.bristol.ac.uk\/en\/persons\/ronald-e-hutton%283db1ba2d-46a5-4387-8705-a6a3091b14ac%29.html<\/a> <\/em>
\n(4) http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/sciencetech\/article-2671664\/Stonehenge-built-cowboys-lasted-well.html<\/a> <\/em>
\n(5) http:\/\/bradford.academia.edu\/VincentGaffney<\/a> <\/em>
\n(6) http:\/\/lbi-archpro.org\/cs\/stonehenge\/<\/a> <\/em>
\n(7) http:\/\/www.archaeology.co.uk\/articles\/features\/stonehenges-hidden-landscape.htm<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Diskuse o smyslu slavn\u00e9ho megalitick\u00e9ho komplexu Stonehenge u Salisbury v anglick\u00e9m hrabstv\u00ed Wiltshire, nijak neutich\u00e1.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1000,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,17,19],"tags":[41,24,83],"class_list":["post-3827","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-archeologie","tag-evropa","tag-megality"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3827","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3827"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3827\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3831,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3827\/revisions\/3831"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1000"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3827"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3827"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3827"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}