{"id":3323,"date":"2024-08-18T00:30:47","date_gmt":"2024-08-17T22:30:47","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=3323"},"modified":"2024-10-26T23:45:11","modified_gmt":"2024-10-26T21:45:11","slug":"zahadna-geometrie-nazcy-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/08\/18\/zahadna-geometrie-nazcy-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1hadn\u00e1 geometrie Nazcy (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00e1 &#8222;expozice&#8220; z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch starov\u011bk\u00fdch obraz\u016f na n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161in\u011b Nazca je na \u00fazem\u00ed Republiky Peru, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 kilometr\u016f ji\u017en\u011b od hlavn\u00edho m\u011bsta Lima a 50 kilometr\u016f od pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed Tich\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu, mezi m\u011bsty Nazca a Palpa.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>T\u00e1hne se pod\u00e9l pampy ploch\u00e9 jako st\u016fl, vysokohorsk\u00e9 planiny And, ve v\u00fd\u0161ce asi 1000 metr\u016f nad mo\u0159em, ob\u010das siln\u011b \u010dlenit\u00e9 \u0159\u00ed\u010dn\u00edmi \u00fadol\u00edmi, p\u0159ev\u00e1\u017en\u011b u\u017e d\u00e1vno vyschl\u00fdmi.<\/p>\n<p>To, \u017ee jsou zde na povrchu pou\u0161t\u011b obrovsk\u00e9 obrazy, objevil v 16. stolet\u00ed Sieza de Leon (1), \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00fd kronik\u00e1\u0159, kter\u00fd doprov\u00e1zel Pizarra p\u0159i dobyt\u00ed \u0158\u00ed\u0161e Ink\u016f. Prvn\u00ed odbornou zpr\u00e1vu o nich podal v roce 1926 peru\u00e1nsk\u00fd archeolog Toribio Mej\u00eda Xesspe (2). Zpr\u00e1vy o podivn\u00fdch lini\u00edch a obrazech pod\u00e1vali piloti letadel. V roce 1939 o nich podrobn\u011b psal americk\u00fd historik z losangelesk\u00e9 univerzity Paul Kosok (3), kter\u00fd vyslovil hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee tyto linie jsou poz\u016fstatky d\u00e1vn\u00fdch zavla\u017eovac\u00edch kan\u00e1l\u016f. Ale kdy\u017e se jimi za\u010dal zab\u00fdvat podrobn\u011bji v roce 1941, zjistil, \u017ee jsou nehlubok\u00e9, nemaj\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 10 &#8211; 15 cm, a tedy jako kan\u00e1ly nemohly slou\u017eit. Proto navrhl, \u017ee jde o poz\u016fstatky kalend\u00e1\u0159n\u00edho syst\u00e9mu a astronomick\u00e9 observato\u0159e starov\u011bk\u00fdch lid\u00ed, kte\u0159\u00ed \u017eili v t\u00e9to oblasti. Kosok Nazcu dokonce nazval &#8222;nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed astronomickou knihou sv\u011bta&#8220;, a v\u011b\u0159il, \u017ee linie na povrchu pou\u0161t\u011b ukazuj\u00ed na body v\u00fdchodu a z\u00e1padu Slunce a M\u011bs\u00edce v ur\u010dit\u00fdch obdob\u00edch roku, postaven\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00fdch hv\u011bzd a souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, atd.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3324 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy01.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"370\" height=\"526\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy01.jpg 370w, https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy01-211x300.jpg 211w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 370px) 100vw, 370px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Kosokova astronomick\u00e1 hypot\u00e9za byla kritizov\u00e1na v roce 1947 archeologem Hansem Horkheymerem, kter\u00fd vcelku logicky poznamenal, \u017ee ke stanoven\u00ed nebesk\u00fdch t\u011bles nen\u00ed v\u016fbec nutn\u00e9 popsat zemsk\u00fd povrch liniemi o d\u00e9lce des\u00edtek metr\u016f a\u017e n\u011bkolika kilometr\u016f. H. Horkheimer (1947) (4) se domn\u00edval, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o genealogick\u00e9 stromy s totemick\u00fdmi skupinami. Zv\u00ed\u0159ata jsou vzpom\u00ednkou na p\u0159edky a trasy vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed r\u016fzn\u00e1 &#8222;n\u00e1m\u011bst\u00ed\u010dka&#8220;, kter\u00e1 slou\u017eila k choreografick\u00fdm p\u0159edstaven\u00edm ur\u010dit\u00fdch totemick\u00fdch kult\u016f, kdy se tu odehr\u00e1valy bohat\u00e9 tance s maskami. Fantasmagorick\u00fd je ji\u017e n\u00e1zor, \u017ee \u201eavenidy\u201c byly cesty, kudy du\u0161e zem\u0159el\u00fdch p\u0159ich\u00e1zely nav\u0161t\u011bvovat svat\u00e1 m\u00edsta a \u00fa\u010dastnit se slavnosti mrtv\u00fdch. Na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b navrhl, \u017ee tyto linie se mo\u017en\u00e1 prot\u00ednaj\u00ed na zemi v m\u00edstech poh\u0159b\u016f p\u0159\u00edslu\u0161n\u00edk\u016f m\u00edstn\u00ed \u0161lechty. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 hroby se v t\u011bchto bodech nena\u0161ly.<\/p>\n<p>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b Kosok se dr\u017eel sv\u00e9 astronomick\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy. K prov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed sv\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy p\u0159izval u\u010ditelku matematiky Maria Reiche (5) z N\u011bmecka, kter\u00e1 se usadila ve m\u011bst\u011b Nazca v roce 1946 a n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00edch 45 let sv\u00e9ho \u017eivota v\u011bnovala studiu tajemn\u00fdch obraz\u016f. Tato \u017eena opakovan\u011b pro\u0161la peru\u00e1nsk\u00e9 pampy a \u00fadol\u00ed, m\u011b\u0159ila, fotografovala, mapovala a popsala tajemn\u00e9 obrazce na pou\u0161ti, v\u011bnovala sv\u00e9 omezen\u00e9 zdroje na p\u0159elety ve vrtuln\u00edc\u00edch a na leteck\u00e9 sn\u00edmkov\u00e1n\u00ed, st\u0159e\u017eila starov\u011bk\u00e9 obrazy p\u0159ed staviteli PanAmerick\u00e9 d\u00e1lnice a p\u0159ed \u201edivok\u00fdmi&#8220; turisty. V Nazce Maria Reiche popsala 13000 (!) lini\u00ed, 100 spir\u00e1l a 788 gigantick\u00fdch obrazc\u016f (troj\u00faheln\u00edk\u016f, lichob\u011b\u017en\u00edk\u016f, obd\u00e9ln\u00edk\u016f, obr\u00e1zk\u016f zv\u00ed\u0159at a rostlin). To v\u0161e je soust\u0159ed\u011bno v oblasti pampy o d\u00e9lce cca 70 km a \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky 15 km. Reiche se poda\u0159ilo naj\u00edt uprost\u0159ed chaosu \u010dar a p\u00e1s\u016f na zemi n\u011bkolik lini\u00ed, kter\u00e9 maj\u00ed, podle jej\u00edho n\u00e1zoru, astronomick\u00fd v\u00fdznam.<\/p>\n<p>Ve sv\u00e9 knize (6), publikovan\u00e9 poprv\u00e9 v roce 1968, s mnoha pozd\u011bj\u0161\u00edmi dotisky, Maria Reiche napsala, \u017ee obrazy pt\u00e1k\u016f, ryb a dal\u0161\u00edch \u017eivo\u010dich\u016f, zobrazen\u00e9 starov\u011bk\u00fdmi um\u011blci na povrchu pou\u0161t\u011b jsou tak obrovsk\u00e9, \u017ee je lze obs\u00e1hnout pouze p\u0159i pohledu z velk\u00e9 v\u00fd\u0161ky. Zjistila, \u017ee tyto obrazy jsou vytvo\u0159eny za pomoci slo\u017eit\u00fdch matematick\u00fdch vztah\u016f a geometrick\u00fdch proporc\u00ed. \u201eFigury zv\u00ed\u0159at,\u201c p\u00ed\u0161e Reiche, \u201es jejich vynikaj\u00edc\u00edmi a dob\u0159e zaoblen\u00fdmi a vyv\u00e1\u017een\u00fdmi velikostmi, lze t\u011b\u017eko dos\u00e1hnout zp\u016fsoby a prost\u0159edky, jak\u00e9 m\u011bli tehdy lid\u00e9 k dispozici. Je to tajemstv\u00ed, jej\u00ed\u017e \u0159e\u0161en\u00ed bude vy\u017eadovat roky v\u00fdzkumu.\u201c<\/p>\n<p>Americk\u00fd astronom G. Hawkins (7), kter\u00fd se sv\u00e9ho \u010dasu zab\u00fdval de\u0161ifrov\u00e1n\u00edm Stonehenge, v letech 1971-1974 za pomoc\u00ed po\u010d\u00edta\u010de provedl m\u011b\u0159en\u00ed n\u011bkolika set lini\u00ed Nazcy k ov\u011b\u0159en\u00ed astronomick\u00e9 hypot\u00e9zy. Do pam\u011bti po\u010d\u00edta\u010de byly zavedeny sou\u0159adnice t\u011bchto lini\u00ed, spolu s \u00fadaji charakteristick\u00fdch bod\u016f v\u00fdchodu a z\u00e1padu Slunce a M\u011bs\u00edce a n\u011bkter\u00fdch hv\u011bzd v obdob\u00ed od 5000 p\u0159.n.l. a\u017e do 1900 n.l. Anal\u00fdza uk\u00e1zala, \u017ee sm\u011br lini\u00ed m\u00e1 n\u00e1hodn\u00e9 rozlo\u017een\u00ed. &#8222;Linie,\u201c &#8211; p\u00ed\u0161e Hawkins, \u2013 \u201enemaj\u00ed astronomick\u00fd v\u00fdznam, v \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9m p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b nejsou spojeny s polo\u017een\u00edm Slunce, M\u011bs\u00edce a hv\u011bzd&#8230; Po\u010d\u00edta\u010d,\u201c dod\u00e1v\u00e1 tento autor \u2013 \u201erozbil teorii o hv\u011bzdn\u00e9m a sol\u00e1rn\u00edm kalend\u00e1\u0159i na padr\u0165. Kdy\u017e po\u010d\u00edta\u010d vyd\u00e1val v\u00fdsledky, zd\u00e1lo se, \u017ee v\u0161echny sm\u011bry lini\u00ed v tom nebo jin\u00e9m \u010dase ukazuj\u00ed na hv\u011bzdy. Ale, k na\u0161emu zklam\u00e1n\u00ed, ne \u010dast\u011bji, ne\u017e vy\u017eaduj\u00ed z\u00e1kony pravd\u011bpodobnosti&#8230; Takov\u00e9 p\u0159esnosti by dos\u00e1hl st\u0159elec, st\u0159\u00edlej\u00edc\u00ed ve tm\u011b na ter\u010d se zav\u00e1zan\u00fdma o\u010dima.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Archeologov\u00e9, jako v\u017edy, navrhli ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed hypot\u00e9zu: v lini\u00edch a figur\u00e1ch se \u00fadajn\u011b prov\u00e1d\u011bly ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed tance a pr\u016fvody na po\u010dest p\u0159\u00edchodu jara a doby sklizn\u011b. Navrhli tak\u00e9 ur\u010ditou modifikaci t\u00e9to hypot\u00e9zy &#8211; ob\u0159\u00ed kresby zv\u00ed\u0159at \u00fadajn\u011b p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed totemy indi\u00e1nsk\u00e9ho kmene. (8) Prov\u00e1d\u011bn\u00ed slavnostn\u00edho pr\u016fvodu takov\u00fdm obrazem kmen &#8222;prov\u00e1d\u00ed ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed uct\u00edv\u00e1n\u00ed str\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho ducha \u2013 totemov\u00e9ho zv\u00ed\u0159ete kmene.&#8220; V\u017edy\u0165 jak\u00e9koli ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed objekty (chr\u00e1my, olt\u00e1\u0159e, posv\u00e1tn\u00e9 stromy), byly v\u017edy ur\u010deny p\u0159edev\u0161\u00edm k ovlivn\u011bn\u00ed pocit\u016f lid\u00ed. Jak ale mohly m\u00edt vliv na pocity lid\u00ed, obrazy tak obrovsk\u00e9, \u017ee pochopit jejich smysl a v\u00fdznam z povrchu Zem\u011b nebylo mo\u017en\u00e9?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3325 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02a.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"279\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02a.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02a-300x167.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>N\u011bkter\u00e9 z nich lze vn\u00edmat pouze jako \u00fazk\u00e9 klikat\u00e9 cesty, a obhl\u00e9dnout je vcelku znamen\u00e1 se vzn\u00e9st do v\u00fd\u0161ky alespo\u0148 300 metr\u016f. Nen\u00ed tak\u00e9 jasn\u00e9, jak dav Indi\u00e1n\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed chodili nebo tan\u010dili po vzorech a poda\u0159ilo se jim vy\u0161lapat tolik obrazc\u016f, nezanechali jinde \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 stopy &#8211; pou\u0161tn\u00ed p\u016fda je m\u011bkk\u00e1 a drobiv\u00e1 a stopa jezdce nebo chodce jsou zde vid\u011bt des\u00edtky let. Ne n\u00e1hodou Maria Reiche, kdy\u017e pracovala v pamp\u011b, si obouvala speci\u00e1ln\u00ed boty a dokonce vytvo\u0159ila speci\u00e1ln\u00ed, opatrnou ch\u016fzi, podobnou ko\u010di\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>R. Castro (1942) uvedl: Kresby p\u0159edstavuj\u00ed praktick\u00e9 projekty i zkou\u0161ky nov\u00fdch adept\u016f zavla\u017eovac\u00edho um\u011bn\u00ed, kultivovan\u00e1 pole, na nich\u017e se obyvatel\u00e9 Nazky sna\u017eili dos\u00e1hnout spodn\u00ed vlhkosti, pole r\u016fzn\u011b hnojen\u00e1 gu\u00e1nem, \u0159asami, popelem, nebo t\u00e9\u017e prostory pro su\u0161en\u00ed ryb, bavlny, k\u016f\u017e\u00ed lvoun\u016f, ovoce, kaktus\u016f atp. (9) Tato teorie je velice jednoduch\u00e1 a neobvykl\u00e1, nicm\u00e9n\u011b si mus\u00edme uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee z\u00e1kladem v\u0161ech d\u00e1vn\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed bylo zem\u011bd\u011blstv\u00ed a ve\u0161ker\u00e1 jejich \u010dinnost, a to i duchovn\u00ed, sm\u011b\u0159ovala k zlep\u0161ov\u00e1n\u00ed v\u00fdnosu. Tato teorie rovn\u011b\u017e nevysv\u011btluje \u201eneorganizovan\u00fd chaos\u201c \u010dar, vz\u00e1jemn\u011b se k\u0159\u00ed\u017e\u00edc\u00edch a p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch.<\/p>\n<p>F. Lancho (1947) experimentem zjistil, \u017ee Pampa del Nazca je nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed p\u0159irozen\u00fd amfite\u00e1tr s v\u00fdte\u010dnou akustikou, kde kn\u011bz mohl z jednoho m\u00edsta nezv\u00fd\u0161en\u00fdm hlasem p\u0159ed\u00e1vat lidu sv\u00e1 poselstv\u00ed. (10) Mohla to pr\u00fd b\u00fdt i forma animistick\u00e9 konverzace s bohy, dialog mezi nebem a zem\u00ed, ale to jsou opravdu jen fantaskn\u00ed variace na st\u00e1le stejn\u00e9 t\u00e9ma.<\/p>\n<p>L. Lumbreras k tomu v\u0161ak pravdiv\u011b dod\u00e1v\u00e1, \u017ee figury mohou b\u00fdt i idealizovan\u00ed reprezentanti souhv\u011bzd\u00ed. Jedna ze star\u00fdch pov\u011br opravdu tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9 pozemsk\u00e9 zv\u00ed\u0159e m\u00e1 sv\u00e9ho hv\u011bzdn\u00e9ho dvojn\u00edka, kter\u00fd ho hl\u00edd\u00e1 a chr\u00e1n\u00ed. (11)<\/p>\n<p>Nejnov\u011bj\u0161\u00ed druh ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed hypot\u00e9zy \u2013 pokud obrazy vypadaj\u00ed dob\u0159e pouze z v\u00fd\u0161ky, pak byly ur\u010deny vesm\u00edrn\u00fdm bytostem, to znamen\u00e1 boh\u016fm, jako prost\u0159edek k z\u00edsk\u00e1n\u00ed jejich pozornosti. V\u0161em by se tato hypot\u00e9za l\u00edbila, pokud by v pamp\u011b byly jen obrazy totemov\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at. Ale to je jen mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z celkov\u00e9 &#8222;galerie&#8220;. Jak\u00fd smysl m\u00e1 ukazovat boh\u016fm 13000 chaotick\u00fdch lini\u00ed a geometrick\u00fdch obrazc\u016f?<\/p>\n<p>Ameri\u010dan\u00e9 D. Woodman, W. Sporer a D. Nort (12) navrhli, \u017ee kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed star\u00fdch indi\u00e1nsk\u00fdch kmen\u016f, ob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch Nazcu, byli schopni d\u011blat bal\u00f3ny z tkaniny a naplnit je hork\u00fdm vzduchem, tedy stejn\u011b nako brat\u0159i Montgolfierov\u00e9, ov\u0161em mnoho stalet\u00ed p\u0159ed nimi. Tak se \u00fadajn\u011b pokusili se dostat bl\u00ed\u017ee k nebesk\u00fdm boh\u016fm a objevit kouzeln\u00fd v\u00fdznam obrovsk\u00fdch kreseb. Tito badatel\u00e9 dokonce vytvo\u0159ili obrovsk\u00fd bal\u00f3n ve tvaru \u010dty\u0159st\u011bnu s gondolou z r\u00e1kosu, a naplnili jej hork\u00fdm vzduchem. Bal\u00f3n vystoupal do v\u00fd\u0161ky asi 500 metr\u016f, kde setrval 1,5 minuty, a unesl dva cestuj\u00edc\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-3326 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02b.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"500\" height=\"317\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02b.jpg 500w, https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/10\/zaz_zahadna-geometrie-nazcy02b-300x190.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 500px) 100vw, 500px\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Vyslou\u017eil\u00fd peru\u00e1nsk\u00fd pilot E. Erran \u0161el je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l ve sv\u00e9 hypot\u00e9ze: starov\u011bc\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 Nazcy pr\u00fd dokonce um\u011bli sestrojit deltapl\u00e1ny, na kter\u00fdch jejich kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed l\u00e9tali nad pampou, a naplnili tak n\u011bjak\u00e9 ritu\u00e1ly. Ale \u017e\u00e1dn\u00fd d\u016fkaz (a\u0165 u\u017e p\u0159\u00edm\u00fd nebo nep\u0159\u00edm\u00fd), \u017ee prekolumbij\u0161t\u00ed Indi\u00e1ni byli schopni l\u00e9tat, nepodal ani on, ani nikdo jin\u00fd. (13)<\/p>\n<p>Zcela p\u016fvodn\u00ed odno\u017e ritu\u00e1ln\u00ed hypot\u00e9zy navrhl I. Rudin (14). &#8222;Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee toto m\u00edsto na \u00fapat\u00ed hor,\u201c \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u201eje pova\u017eov\u00e1no za p\u0159\u00edbytek duch\u016f, a nejt\u011b\u017e\u0161\u00ed pr\u00e1ce stavitel\u016f slou\u017eila jako jak\u00e1si v\u00fdkupn\u00e1 ob\u011b\u0165, zam\u011b\u0159en\u00e1 na jejich usm\u00ed\u0159en\u00ed.&#8220; To je zcela v duchu N\u011bkrasovsk\u00e9ho lupi\u010de Kudejara, kter\u00fd, aby od\u010dinil sv\u00e9 h\u0159\u00edchy, k\u00e1cel kapesn\u00edm no\u017eem star\u00fd dub.<\/p>\n<p>Ale uk\u00e1zalo se, \u017ee jsou i &#8222;origin\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed&#8220; hypot\u00e9zy. V seri\u00f3zn\u00edm v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise William Izbell (15) zcela v\u00e1\u017en\u011b publikoval n\u00e1zor, \u017ee gigantick\u00e9 d\u00edlo v pou\u0161ti byl n\u011bjak\u00fd starov\u011bk\u00fd druh ve\u0159ejn\u00fdch prac\u00ed, jejich\u017e c\u00edlem bylo sn\u00ed\u017een\u00ed porodnosti star\u00fdch Indi\u00e1n\u016f, kter\u00fdch bylo p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 mnoho. Kn\u011b\u017e\u00ed, znepokojeni demografickou situac\u00ed, p\u0159i\u0161li s my\u0161lenkou, aby obyvatelstvo zam\u011b\u0159ilo svou mysl \u201ena jin\u00e9 v\u011bci&#8220; (tedy, aby se, tak \u0159\u00edkaj\u00edc, d\u0159eli jinak, ne\u017e plozen\u00edm d\u011bt\u00ed.)<\/p>\n<p>Ital L. Mazzotti (1973) se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed historicko-astrologickou mapu sv\u011bta. (16) Pravda je, \u017ee hv\u011bzdy a jejich moc nad lidmi byly u v\u0161ech americk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed a jeho ritu. Astrologie v\u0161ak nikdy nebyla rozvinuta tak siln\u011b a fundovan\u011b, jako v oblasti Orientu a jej\u00ed hlavn\u00ed c\u00edl byl v podstat\u011b omezen zem\u011bd\u011blsk\u00fdmi pot\u0159ebami. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, s vysv\u011btlen\u00edm obraz\u016f pt\u00e1k\u016f, ryb, aj. zv\u00ed\u0159at jako ozna\u010den\u00edm n\u011bkter\u00fdch souhv\u011bzd\u00ed, nebyl \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00fd.<\/p>\n<p>Erich von Daniken (17) upozornil na skute\u010dnost, \u017ee linie na Nazce se p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b podobaj\u00ed modern\u00edm leti\u0161t\u00edm s jejich p\u0159ist\u00e1vac\u00edmi a pojezdov\u00fdmi drahami. &#8222;Nen\u00ed tu n\u011bjak\u00e1 souvislost s \u010dinnost\u00ed cizinc\u016f z vesm\u00edru ?&#8220; pt\u00e1 se. Jak se dalo o\u010dek\u00e1vat, proti hypot\u00e9ze D\u00e4nikena se postavili v\u0161ichni historici a archeologov\u00e9, a nejsou sami.<\/p>\n<p>Tak i matemati\u010dka z Limy Maria Scholten (18) rozho\u0159\u010den\u011b odm\u00edtla tuto domn\u011bnku jako peru\u00e1nsk\u00e1 vlastenka &#8211; jako snahu diskreditovat star\u00e9 Peru\u00e1nce, kte\u0159\u00ed podle jej\u00edho n\u00e1zoru mohli d\u011blat svou pr\u00e1ci i bez pomoci vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch superman\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>Ale je tu rozumn\u00e1 ot\u00e1zka: mohli to skute\u010dn\u011b zvl\u00e1dnout?<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: right;\"><em>Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Sv\u011btov\u011b proslul\u00e1 &#8222;expozice&#8220; z\u00e1hadn\u00fdch starov\u011bk\u00fdch obraz\u016f na n\u00e1horn\u00ed plo\u0161in\u011b Nazca je na \u00fazem\u00ed Republiky Peru, p\u0159ibli\u017en\u011b 400 kilometr\u016f ji\u017en\u011b od<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":450,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,19],"tags":[41,81,22],"class_list":["post-3323","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-zahady","tag-archeologie","tag-geoglyfy","tag-jizni-amerika"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3323"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3338,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3323\/revisions\/3338"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/450"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3323"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3323"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3323"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}