{"id":3200,"date":"2024-08-05T00:21:11","date_gmt":"2024-08-04T22:21:11","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=3200"},"modified":"2024-09-30T22:27:41","modified_gmt":"2024-09-30T20:27:41","slug":"zahadne-kruhy-v-namibii","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/08\/05\/zahadne-kruhy-v-namibii\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1hadn\u00e9 kruhy v Namibii"},"content":{"rendered":"

Jde o klasick\u00e9 houbov\u00e9 kruhy?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Americk\u00fd biolog vy\u0159e\u0161il z\u00e1hadu magick\u00fdch kruh\u016f v pou\u0161t\u00edch a savan\u00e1ch ji\u017en\u00ed Afriky, o kter\u00fdch m\u00edstn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee jsou to stopy boh\u016f.<\/p>\n

Tajemn\u00e9 kruhy, ve kter\u00fdch \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e1 tr\u00e1va neroste, jsou v\u00fdsledkem dosud nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho druhu p\u016fdn\u00edch hub…<\/p>\n

Historie africk\u00fdch tajemn\u00fdch kruh\u016f, kter\u00e9 se n\u00e1hle objevuj\u00ed na kamenit\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b v pou\u0161ti Namibie a okoln\u00edch savan\u00e1ch, netrv\u00e1 nijak dlouhou dobu.<\/p>\n

\"\"Poprv\u00e9 tento jev objevili zam\u011bstnanci rezervace NamibRand v roce 2005. Upozornili na podivn\u00e9 kruhov\u00e9 plochy, ve kter\u00fdch neroste tr\u00e1va. Nejv\u011bt\u0161\u00ed z nich m\u011bl asi 12 metr\u016f v pr\u016fm\u011bru, zat\u00edmco ostatn\u00ed m\u011bly od dvou do osmi metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Jakmile se zpr\u00e1va o tajemn\u00fdch kruz\u00edch rozlet\u011bla po sv\u011bt\u011b, badatel\u00e9 p\u0159ipomn\u011bli kruhy a obrazce z polehl\u00fdch rostlin na britsk\u00fdch pol\u00edch. Zde v\u0161ak jde o n\u011bco \u00fapln\u011b jin\u00e9ho.<\/p>\n

Mezit\u00edm v\u011bdci prozkoumali namibijsk\u00e9 kruhy \u2013 a ty nevykazuj\u00ed \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 abnormality – magnetick\u00e9 ani radioaktivn\u00ed, ani \u017e\u00e1dn\u00e9 jin\u00e9. A byly vysloveny prvn\u00ed hypot\u00e9zy.<\/p>\n

Prvn\u00ed z nich vysv\u011btluje vznik kruh\u016f, v nich\u017e nic neroste, p\u016fsoben\u00edm termit\u016f. Jen\u017ee tito mal\u00ed, ale hbit\u00ed podzemn\u00ed obyvatel\u00e9 jed\u00ed ko\u0159eny tr\u00e1vy, a dokonce vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed i toxick\u00e9 plyny, kter\u00e9 ni\u010d\u00ed sazenice.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, v\u00fdkopy, proveden\u00e9 v roce 2007 skupinou americk\u00fdch a namibijsk\u00fdch zoolog\u016f, tuto domn\u011bnku vyvr\u00e1tily. V\u011bdci nebyli schopni naj\u00edt ani stopov\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed termit\u016f.<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc, ani kdy\u017e do t\u011bchto kruh\u016f p\u0159idali \u017eiviny, tr\u00e1va na nich tak jako tak nerostla.<\/p>\n

Podle dal\u0161\u00ed verze britsk\u00fdch botanik\u016f za v\u0161echno m\u016f\u017ee pry\u0161ec Euphorbia virosa, kter\u00fd roste v pou\u0161ti Namibie a jeho okol\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Jedn\u00e1 se o ke\u0159 s dvoumetrov\u00fdmi stonky s nep\u011bkn\u00fdm zvykem vypou\u0161t\u011bt jedovat\u00e9 \u0161\u0165\u00e1vy do p\u016fdy za \u00fa\u010delem odstran\u011bn\u00ed konkurence. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, jeho toxiny maj\u00ed pom\u011brn\u011b mal\u00fd ak\u010dn\u00ed r\u00e1dius – ne v\u00edce ne\u017e metr od spodn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti rostliny. Jen\u017ee podivn\u00e9 kruhy jsou v m\u00edstech, kde euforbie nejsou (a pr\u016fzkum p\u016fdy uk\u00e1zal, \u017ee ani nebyl).<\/p>\n

T\u0159et\u00ed verze \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee k vzniku podivn\u00fdch kruh\u016f p\u0159isp\u011bly s\u00edly vesm\u00edru. Je pravda, \u017ee na Zemi dopadne \u010das od \u010dasu meteorit. Jen\u017ee ani to nem\u016f\u017ee st\u00e1t za tolika podivn\u00fdmi kruhy.<\/p>\n

\"\"Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, geologov\u00e9 nena\u0161li v kruz\u00edch nic, \u017e\u00e1dnou l\u00e1tku, kter\u00e1 by mohla poch\u00e1zet z vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n

Pracovn\u00edci rezervace, kte\u0159\u00ed sleduj\u00ed tyto kruhy u\u017e n\u011bkolik let, nezaznamenali nic, co by mohlo k vzniku kruh\u016f jakkoli p\u0159isp\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Ale m\u00edstn\u00ed podnikatel\u00e9 se chopili p\u0159\u00edle\u017eitosti. Od roku 2005 chyt\u0159\u00ed majitel\u00e9 t\u00e9to zem\u011b „prod\u00e1vaj\u00ed“ tajemn\u00e9 kruhy eko-turist\u016fm za 50 dolar\u016f. Na prodej jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b jen zem\u011bpisn\u00e9 sou\u0159adnice t\u011bchto m\u00edst, kter\u00e9 jinak nelze naj\u00edt za pomoc\u00ed aplikace Google Earth. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, americk\u00fd biolog Walter Tschinkel z Florida State University v Tallahassee (USA), kter\u00fd nejprve p\u0159edlo\u017eil „termit\u00ed“ verzi p\u016fvodu kruh\u016f (1), vyslovil v\u011brohodnou verzi p\u016fvodu kruh\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u011bdec toti\u017e objevili jednu zaj\u00edmavou v\u011bc – toti\u017e fakt, \u017ee tyto kruhy nejen z\u00e1hadn\u011b vznikaj\u00ed, ale tak\u00e9 z\u00e1hadn\u011b miz\u00ed! To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee se chovaj\u00ed jako \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti.<\/p>\n

Po anal\u00fdze fotografi\u00ed, po\u0159\u00edzen\u00fdch b\u011bhem \u010dty\u0159 let, v\u011bdec do\u0161el k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee cel\u00fd cyklus mal\u00fdch kruh\u016f je 24 let, zat\u00edmco velk\u00e9 „\u017eij\u00ed“ do 75 let. Pr\u016fm\u011brn\u00e1 d\u00e9lka \u017eivota takov\u00e9ho kruhu je 41 let.<\/p>\n

Nav\u00edc Tschinkel zjistil, \u017ee kruhy mohou zmizet v kteroukoli dobu, ale v\u017edy se objev\u00ed po obdob\u00ed de\u0161\u0165\u016f.<\/p>\n

A to vedlo okam\u017eit\u011b v\u011bdce a jeho kolegy k my\u0161lence, \u017ee kruhy jsou v\u00fdsledkem zat\u00edm nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho druhu p\u016fdn\u00ed houby.<\/p>\n

Ji\u017e dlouho je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee houby mohou tvo\u0159it kruhov\u00e9 struktury \u2013 p\u0159ipome\u0148me slavn\u00e9 \u010darod\u011bjn\u00e9 kruh\u016f, kter\u00e9 vytv\u00e1\u0159ej\u00ed morely, hl\u00edva \u00fast\u0159i\u010dn\u00e1, aj. houby, atd. Za ur\u010dit\u00fdch podm\u00ednek houbov\u00e9 podhoub\u00ed vyr\u016fst\u00e1 ze st\u0159edu a kruhovit\u011b se \u0161\u00ed\u0159\u00ed. \u010casem centr\u00e1ln\u00ed \u010d\u00e1st odum\u00edr\u00e1 kv\u016fli nedostatku \u017eivin a okraje nad\u00e1le rosou.<\/p>\n

Je zn\u00e1mo, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00fd rok se takov\u00fd kruh rozroste o 10-15 cm a tyto struktury trvaj\u00ed po dlouhou dobu \u2013 30 – 50 let.<\/p>\n

Krom\u011b toho mohou p\u016fdn\u00ed houby produkovat antibiotika, kter\u00e9 brzd\u00ed r\u016fst rostlin – a po takov\u00e9m „chemick\u00e9m \u00fatoku“ m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt p\u016fda po mnoho let nevhodn\u00e1 pro r\u016fst jin\u00fdch rostlin.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/www.bio.fsu.edu\/faculty-tschinkel.php<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Jde o klasick\u00e9 houbov\u00e9 kruhy?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":2444,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[20,29],"class_list":["post-3200","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahady","tag-afrika","tag-zivocichove"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3200","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=3200"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3200\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":3203,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/3200\/revisions\/3203"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/2444"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=3200"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=3200"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=3200"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}