{"id":2928,"date":"2024-06-18T00:22:26","date_gmt":"2024-06-17T22:22:26","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=2928"},"modified":"2024-07-30T19:26:52","modified_gmt":"2024-07-30T17:26:52","slug":"jak-je-to-s-obri-stopou-v-zule-2","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/06\/18\/jak-je-to-s-obri-stopou-v-zule-2\/","title":{"rendered":"Jak je to s ob\u0159\u00ed stopou v \u017eule?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Dne 5. ledna 2012 <em>Michael Tellinger<\/em> zve\u0159ejnil videoklip na YouTube s n\u00e1zvem &#8222;Otisk ob\u0159\u00ed nohy 200 milion\u016f let star\u00fd \u2013 Ji\u017en\u00ed Afrika&#8220;. (1)<\/strong><!--more--><br \/>\nP\u0159edm\u011btem videa je obrovsk\u00e1 stopa ve sk\u00e1le, kter\u00e1 je v <em>Mpuluzi Batolith<\/em>, u mal\u00e9 osady <em>Lothair<\/em> nedaleko m\u011bsta <em>Chrissiesmeer<\/em> v <em>Mpumalanga<\/em> v JAR.<\/p>\n<p>Pan <em>Tellinger<\/em> vysv\u011btluje na videu, \u017ee &#8222;(ob\u0159\u00ed stopa) je v tvrd\u00e9 \u017eule, kter\u00e1 je star\u00e1 mezi 200 miliony a\u017e 3 miliardami let.<\/p>\n<p>\u010casov\u00fd rozd\u00edl mezi 200 mili\u00f3ny let a 3 miliardami let, je zhruba 2,8 miliard let.<\/p>\n<p>Vzhledem k tomu, \u017ee Zem\u011b je star\u00e1 cca 4,5 mld. let, by to znamenalo, \u017ee tato \u017eula je star\u00e1 v\u00edc ne\u017e polovina celkov\u00e9ho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone wp-image-2929 size-full\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1_obri-stopa.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"450\" height=\"333\" srcset=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1_obri-stopa.jpg 450w, https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/07\/1_obri-stopa-300x222.jpg 300w\" sizes=\"auto, (max-width: 450px) 100vw, 450px\" \/><\/p>\n<p><strong>Co geologov\u00e9 \u0159\u00edkaj\u00ed o skute\u010dn\u00e9m st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u017euly?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>Mpuluzi Batolith pat\u0159\u00ed k 3,105 miliard let star\u00e9 Granodiorit-monzogranite-syenogranite GMS apartm\u00e1 naru\u0161itele paleoarchaean tTG (trondhjemit-totalite-Granodiorit) plutonu. V\u011bk 3,105 mld. let byl zalo\u017een na \u010detn\u00fdch zkoum\u00e1n\u00edch geolog\u016f je publikov\u00e1n v n\u011bkolika recenzovan\u00fdch v\u011bdeck\u00fdch \u010dasopisech jak v Ji\u017en\u00ed Africe, tak i mezin\u00e1rodn\u00edch. Rychl\u00e9 vyhled\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed na internetu odhal\u00ed nep\u0159ebern\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00fdch prac\u00ed o v\u00fdzkumu plutonu. Tak\u017ee m\u016f\u017eeme bezpe\u010dn\u011b ur\u010dit, \u017ee Mpuluzi Batolith nen\u00ed 200 mili\u00f3n\u016f let star\u00e1 hornina, ale star\u00e1 3,1 miliard let.<\/p>\n<p>Poj\u010fme d\u00e1le posoudit, zda je \u010di nen\u00ed mo\u017en\u00e9, &#8222;obra&#8220; nebo jak\u00e9koliv jin\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti opustit otisky v m\u011bkk\u00e9 (roztaven\u00e9m) \u017eula. Chcete-li hodnotit tuto mo\u017enost mus\u00edme nejprve pochopit, co je \u017eula a jak se tvo\u0159\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V\u011bt\u0161ina \u00favodn\u00ed geologie u\u010debnice uv\u00e1d\u011bj\u00ed, \u017ee:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li>\u017eula je nejhojn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed hornina v zemsk\u00e9 kontinent\u00e1ln\u00ed k\u016f\u0159e. Na povrchu je \u017eula v j\u00e1drech mnoha horsk\u00fdch p\u00e1sem, v rozs\u00e1hl\u00fdch oblastech zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako &#8222;batholith&#8220;, a v kl\u00ed\u010dov\u00fdch oblastech kontinent\u016f zn\u00e1m\u00fdch jako &#8222;\u0161t\u00edty&#8220;. Velk\u00e9 krystaly nerost\u016f do \u017euly jsou d\u016fkazy o tom, \u017ee se pomalu ochlad\u00ed z roztaven\u00e9 horniny.<\/li>\n<li>k pomal\u00e9mu ochlazen\u00ed (v \u0159\u00e1du tis\u00edc\u016f let) muselo doj\u00edt pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem.<\/li>\n<li>pokud je dnes na povrchu, pak jedin\u00fd zp\u016fsob, jak se to mohlo st\u00e1t, bylo vyzdvi\u017een\u00ed \u017eulov\u00fdch skal a p\u0159ekr\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed sk\u00e1ly byly rozru\u0161en\u00e9.<\/li>\n<li>\u017eula se tvo\u0159\u00ed hluboko v zemsk\u00e9 k\u016f\u0159e, obvykle n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem. Toto magma m\u00e1 obvykle teploty p\u0159esahuj\u00edc\u00ed 1200 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia.<\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Polo\u017eme si tedy ot\u00e1zku: Jak je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee \u017eiv\u00e1 bytost (obr nebo n\u011bkdo jin\u00fd), vytvo\u0159il stopu n\u011bkolik kilometr\u016f pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem v materi\u00e1lu, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 teplotu v\u00edce ne\u017e 1200 stup\u0148\u016f Celsia?<\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00e9 \u017eiv\u00e9 bytosti t\u00e9to velikosti existovaly p\u0159ed 3 miliardami let?<\/p>\n<p>Geologov\u00e9 jsou si celkem jisti, \u017ee v t\u00e9 dob\u011b bylo je\u0161t\u011b velmi m\u00e1lo kysl\u00edku v zemsk\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Rozhodn\u011b ne tolik, aby to bylo dost pro podporu v\u00fdvoje slo\u017eit\u00fdch \u017eiv\u00fdch bytost\u00ed a nebo &#8222;obr\u016f&#8220;.<\/p>\n<p>Net\u0159eba dod\u00e1vat, \u017ee nic takov\u00e9ho se dosud nevyskytlo ve fosiln\u00edch poz\u016fstatc\u00edch. Ve skute\u010dnosti prvn\u00ed jednodu\u0161\u0161\u00ed (tedy nikoli ob\u0159i) obratlovci se objevili a\u017e po kambriu, p\u0159ed zhruba 540 mili\u00f3ny lety.<\/p>\n<p>I kdybychom m\u011bli v\u011b\u0159it tvrzen\u00ed pana Tellingera, \u017ee \u017eula byla 200 milion\u016f let star\u00e1, v t\u00e9 dob\u011b nebylo nic, co by vzd\u00e1len\u011b p\u0159ipom\u00ednalo savce, jak je zn\u00e1me dnes, nato\u017e savce \u010dlov\u011bka \u2013 nebo obry, chcete-li. Tito ob\u0159i by museli koexistovat s dinosaury.<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee co vytvo\u0159ilo &#8222;stopu&#8220;? Existuje n\u011bkolik mo\u017enost\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>\u2022 Stopa byla vytes\u00e1na prav\u011bk\u00fdmi lidmi.<br \/>\n\u2022 Nebo je v\u00fdsledkem zv\u011btr\u00e1n\u00ed, kdy kus jin\u00e9 horniny odpadl do magmatu, a n\u00e1hodou m\u011bl podobu lidsk\u00e9ho chodidla.<\/p>\n<p>Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee existuj\u00ed i jin\u00e9 pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed, kter\u00e9 mohou b\u00fdt navr\u017eeny pomoc\u00ed racion\u00e1ln\u00ed d\u016fkazy, na z\u00e1klad\u011b v\u011bdeck\u00e9ho p\u0159\u00edstupu.<\/p>\n<p>Co je opravdu z\u00e1bavn\u00e9, je n\u00e1sleduj\u00edc\u00ed cit\u00e1t od pana Tellingera:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8222;Dovolte mi p\u0159ipomenout, \u017ee o historii na\u0161eho lidstva toho v\u00edme m\u00e9n\u011b, ne\u017e n\u00e1m dovoluj\u00ed fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed z\u00e1kony. Pokud tedy pat\u0159\u00edte do kategorie jedinc\u016f, kte\u0159\u00ed tuto skute\u010dnost okam\u017eit\u011b odm\u00edtaj\u00ed jako podvod nebo p\u0159\u00edrodn\u00ed erozi, \u017e\u00e1d\u00e1m v\u00e1s, abyste zkontrolovali sv\u00e9 ego a aroganci a otev\u0159eli svou mysl nekone\u010dn\u00fdm mo\u017enostem v multivesm\u00edru nekone\u010dn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed.\u201c<\/em> (2)<\/p>\n<p>Jist\u011b kone\u010dn\u00e9 vysv\u011btlen\u00ed t\u00e9to p\u0159irozen\u00e9 funkce je v oblasti fyzik\u00e1ln\u00ed v\u011bdy. Pan <em>Tellinger<\/em> by m\u011bl kontrolovat sv\u00e9 vlastn\u00ed racion\u00e1ln\u00ed kritick\u00e9 my\u0161len\u00ed, nato\u017e ego a aroganci. Mo\u017en\u00e1 by se m\u011bl dr\u017eet toho, co v\u00ed nejl\u00e9pe, a nechat geologii geolog\u016fm.<\/p>\n<p><em><strong>Koment\u00e1\u0159 geologa<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<p>St\u00e1\u0159\u00ed \u017euly pouh\u00fdch 200 milion\u016f let nen\u00ed \u00fapln\u011b vylou\u010den\u00e9, magma se ve velk\u00fdch hloubk\u00e1ch pod zemsk\u00fdm povrchem tvo\u0159ilo i v druhohor\u00e1ch a tvo\u0159\u00ed se dle v\u0161eho i dnes. V JAR p\u0159eva\u017euj\u00ed platformn\u00ed \u00fatvary, kter\u00e9 tak\u00e9 obsahuj\u00ed star\u00e1 j\u00e1dra kontinent\u016f, ale od zm\u00edn\u011bn\u00fdch \u0161t\u00edt\u016f se li\u0161\u00ed akumulac\u00ed mlad\u0161\u00edch pokryv\u016f (zat\u00edmco ve \u0161t\u00edtech vystupuj\u00ed nejstar\u0161\u00ed horniny p\u0159\u00edmo na povrch). Nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno, \u017ee se v t\u00e9to oblasti mohou vyskytovat \u017euly r\u016fzn\u00e9ho st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed (co\u017e mimochodem najdeme i v \u010desk\u00e9m mas\u00edvu). To bychom museli podrobn\u011bji zn\u00e1t region\u00e1ln\u00ed geologii JAR. Sp\u00ed\u0161 je m\u00e9n\u011b pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e9 \u2013 ale tak\u00e9 ne nemo\u017en\u00e9 \u2013 \u017ee by byly \u010dasov\u011b tak daleko od sebe.<\/p>\n<p>Pochybnosti ale vzbuzuje \u00fadajn\u00e9 st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed 3,105 miliard let. Ur\u010dit absolutn\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed s takovou p\u0159esnost\u00ed, to nezn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 d\u016fv\u011bryhodn\u011b, zvl\u00e1\u0161\u0165 kdy\u017e se pohybujeme v tak obrovsk\u00fdch \u010dasov\u00fdch intervalech. Nic na tom nem\u011bn\u00ed, \u017ee to bylo publikov\u00e1no v recenzovan\u00fdch odborn\u00fdch periodik\u00e1ch. Absolutn\u00ed st\u00e1\u0159\u00ed je v\u016fbec pojem relativn\u00ed (kr\u00e1sn\u00fd paradox!) a o p\u0159esnosti se tu d\u00e1 hovo\u0159it jen s velkou fantazi\u00ed. U\u017e volba \u010dasov\u00e9 jednotky je problematick\u00e1, kdy\u017e si uv\u011bdom\u00edme, \u017ee nap\u0159. v druhohor\u00e1ch byl rok nejm\u00e9n\u011b o \u010dtvrtinu del\u0161\u00ed, ne\u017e ten dne\u0161n\u00ed (dolo\u017eeno geofyzik\u00e1ln\u011b i paleontologicky). V nejstar\u0161\u00edch obdob\u00edch se mohla Zem\u011b ot\u00e1\u010det kolem Slunce je\u0161t\u011b \u00fapln\u011b jinou rychlost\u00ed, tak\u017ee pojem \u201erok\u201c je opravdu v\u00e1gn\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>V tropick\u00fdch a subtropick\u00fdch oblastech \u017eulov\u00e9 horniny (tedy granitoidy, horniny s podobnou strukturou a m\u00edrn\u011b odli\u0161n\u00fdm miner\u00e1ln\u00edm slo\u017een\u00edm) snadno a intenzivn\u011b zv\u011btr\u00e1vaj\u00ed, tak\u017ee n\u011bkdy tvo\u0159\u00ed i velmi m\u011bkk\u00e9 a poddajn\u00e9 skaln\u00ed mas\u00edvy, do nich\u017e cokoli vyr\u00fdt nebo vydlabat nen\u00ed sebemen\u0161\u00ed probl\u00e9m (podobn\u011b jsou na tom u n\u00e1s n\u011bkter\u00e9 p\u00edskovce). Projevuje se tu i selektivn\u00ed zv\u011btr\u00e1v\u00e1n\u00ed, nap\u0159. odnos lok\u00e1ln\u00edch m\u011bk\u010d\u00edch parti\u00ed z povrchu. Je-li pak takto vytvo\u0159en\u00e1 jamka tvarov\u011b podobn\u00e1 \u0161l\u00e9p\u011bji, pak by nebylo divu, zda n\u011bkdy v minulosti p\u0159im\u011bla kohokoli, aby ji \u201edotvo\u0159il\u201c. To je jedna z dost pravd\u011bpodobn\u00fdch mo\u017enost\u00ed v\u00fdkladu.<\/p>\n<p><em>RNDr. Ji\u0159\u00ed Slouka<\/em><\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(1) Giant Foot Print 200 Million Yrs Old &#8211; South Africa &#8211; YouTube (archive.org) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20170430141146\/https:\/\/www.youtube.com\/watch?v=dRuxw-nZoJw\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) Giant Foot Print 200 Million Yrs Old \u2013 South Africa | Shift Frequency (archive.org) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20220320100135\/https:\/\/www.shiftfrequency.com\/giant-foot-print-200-million-yrs-old-south-africa\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>Podle: Garth Mitchell: Debunking Giants in the Granites | News24 (archive.org) &#8211; <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20150910165836\/http:\/\/www.news24.com\/MyNews24\/Debunking-Giants-in-the-Granites-20130514\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Dne 5. ledna 2012 Michael Tellinger zve\u0159ejnil videoklip na YouTube s n\u00e1zvem &#8222;Otisk ob\u0159\u00ed nohy 200 milion\u016f let star\u00fd \u2013<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":566,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,19],"tags":[20,41,27,33],"class_list":["post-2928","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-zahady","tag-afrika","tag-archeologie","tag-kritika","tag-podvod"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2928","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2928"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2928\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2948,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2928\/revisions\/2948"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/566"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2928"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2928"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2928"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}