{"id":2568,"date":"2024-04-24T00:34:21","date_gmt":"2024-04-23T22:34:21","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=2568"},"modified":"2024-05-18T23:38:09","modified_gmt":"2024-05-18T21:38:09","slug":"existuji-mimozemstane-at-radeji-ne","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/04\/24\/existuji-mimozemstane-at-radeji-ne\/","title":{"rendered":"Existuj\u00ed mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9? A\u0165 rad\u011bji ne\u2026"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee objev mimozemsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k ohro\u017een\u00ed lidstva.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>Teorie Velk\u00e9ho filtru \u0159\u00edk\u00e1, \u017ee obydlen\u00e9 <em>exoplanety<\/em> se d\u0159\u00edve nebo pozd\u011bji stanou pohromou pro Zemi.<\/p>\n<p>Podle n\u00e1zoru \u0159ady v\u011bdc\u016f existuje limit, druh bari\u00e9ry, kter\u00e9 br\u00e1n\u00ed vzniku inteligentn\u00edho \u017eivota. \u0158\u00edk\u00e1 se tomu Velk\u00fd filtr. Pokud najdeme inteligentn\u00ed \u017eivot, bude to znamenat, \u017ee Velk\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra je p\u0159ed n\u00e1mi, a n\u011bjak\u00e1 katastrofa vesm\u00edrn\u00fdch rozm\u011br\u016f \u010dek\u00e1 na lidstvo a na mimozem\u0161\u0165any.<\/p>\n<p>Velk\u00fd filtr byl op\u011bt p\u0159ipomenut v polovin\u011b dubna 2014, kdy byl ozn\u00e1men objev planety Kepler-186f, kter\u00e1 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v souhv\u011bzd\u00ed Labut\u011b, 492 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let daleko. Je zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v tom, \u017ee se jedn\u00e1 o prvn\u00ed exoplanetu, kter\u00e1 se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 neli\u0161\u00ed velikost\u00ed od Zem\u011b, a co je nejd\u016fle\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pohybuje se v tzv. &#8222;obyvateln\u00e9&#8220; z\u00f3n\u011b, tj. v takov\u00e9 vzd\u00e1lenosti od sv\u00e9 hv\u011bzdy, \u017ee m\u016f\u017ee m\u00edt na sv\u00e9m povrchu tekouc\u00ed vodu a p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b i \u017eivot.<\/p>\n<p>Za pomoci Velk\u00e9ho filtru se v\u011bdci sna\u017e\u00ed vy\u0159e\u0161it Fermiho paradox, kter\u00fd zn\u00ed takto: pro\u010d nem\u016f\u017eeme naj\u00edt mimozemskou civilizaci, navzdory skute\u010dnosti, \u017ee existuj\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 stovky miliard sol\u00e1rn\u00edch syst\u00e9m\u016f, kde m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt \u017eivot?<\/p>\n<p>Nep\u0159\u00edtomnost seri\u00f3zn\u00edch \u00fadaj\u016f o existenci mimozemsk\u00fdch civilizac\u00ed nazna\u010duje, \u017ee mus\u00ed existovat n\u011bjak\u00e1 bari\u00e9ra, kter\u00e1 zabra\u0148uje vzniku vysp\u011bl\u00e9 civilizace. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee od teoretick\u00e9 mo\u017enosti \u017eivota na planet\u011b do v\u00fdvoje vysp\u011bl\u00e9 civilizace, je velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fd proces.<\/p>\n<p>Vysv\u011btlen\u00ed je jednoduch\u00e9: inteligentn\u00ed \u017eivot se setk\u00e1v\u00e1 velmi vz\u00e1cn\u011b nebo inteligentn\u00ed \u017eivot m\u00e1 tendenci se zlikvidovat velmi rychle. To je stru\u010dn\u011b tzv. Velk\u00fd filtr. V\u011bdci o n\u011bm vedou v\u00e1\u0161niv\u00e9 diskuse u\u017e p\u016fl stolet\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>D\u016fvodem m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt mal\u00fd po\u010det planet podobn\u00fdch Zemi, a samoreplikuj\u00edc\u00edch se molekul na nich. M\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e9, a mo\u017en\u00e1 i nemo\u017en\u00e9, ud\u011blat skok od z\u00e1kladn\u00edch prokaryotick\u00fdch \u017eivotn\u00edch forem na slo\u017eit\u011bj\u0161\u00ed eukaryotick\u00e9 formy. Na Zemi se uskute\u010dnil, ale tento p\u0159echod trval v\u00edce ne\u017e miliardu let.<\/p>\n<p>Zast\u00e1nci teorie jedine\u010dnosti Zem\u011b tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee evoluce slo\u017eit\u00e9ho \u017eivota vy\u017eaduje obrovsk\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed nutn\u00fdch a obt\u00ed\u017en\u00fdch podm\u00ednek. Nap\u0159\u00edklad, planeta jako na\u0161e Zem\u011b, by nem\u011bla b\u00fdt pouze v &#8222;obyvateln\u00e9&#8220; z\u00f3n\u011b bl\u00edzko k mate\u0159sk\u00e9 hv\u011bzd\u011b, ale ta by m\u011bla b\u00fdt i dost daleko od st\u0159edu galaxie, aby byla ochr\u00e1n\u011bna p\u0159ed smrt\u00edc\u00ed radiac\u00ed. V planet\u00e1rn\u00edm syst\u00e9mu mus\u00ed b\u00fdt i dost velk\u00e9 plynn\u00e9 planety, aby odstranily asteroidy s kolizn\u00edmi drahami. Mus\u00ed b\u00fdt i dostate\u010dn\u011b velk\u00fd m\u011bs\u00edc, kter\u00fd vyvol\u00e1 r\u016fzn\u00e1 ro\u010dn\u00ed obdob\u00ed a st\u0159\u00edd\u00e1n\u00ed po\u010das\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>To je jen mal\u00e1 \u010d\u00e1st z nezbytn\u00fdch podm\u00ednek pro vznik a existenci inteligentn\u00edho \u017eivota\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Je je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed vysv\u011btlen\u00ed pro nedostatek \u00fadaj\u016f o mimozemsk\u00fdch civilizac\u00edch. Sign\u00e1ly se k n\u00e1m nedostanou, proto\u017ee tyto civilizace rychle zanikaj\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jinak \u0159e\u010deno, objev jin\u00e9ho \u017eivota sni\u017euje pravd\u011bpodobnost p\u0159e\u017eit\u00ed na\u0161\u00ed civilizace\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Tak\u017ee by pro n\u00e1s bylo lep\u0161\u00ed, aby na planet\u011b Kepler-186f inteligentn\u00ed \u017eivot rad\u011bji nebyl&#8230;<\/p>\n<p><em>\u010ct\u011bte <strong>d\u00e1le:<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>(-r-): Kepler-186f. Wikipedie. <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kepler-186f\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Kepler-186f<\/a> <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>(-r-): Kepler 186f \u2013 obyvateln\u00e1 planeta nebo z nouze ctnost. Exoplanety.CZ, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.exoplanety.cz\/2014\/04\/18\/kepler-186-f-obyvatelna-planeta-nebo-z-nouze-ctnost\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.exoplanety.cz\/2014\/04\/18\/kepler-186-f-obyvatelna-planeta-nebo-z-nouze-ctnost\/<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Svr\u0161ek, J.: Mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9, kde jste? <a href=\"https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221005052208\/http:\/\/etfuk.sweb.cz\/filtr.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">https:\/\/web.archive.org\/web\/20221005052208\/http:\/\/etfuk.sweb.cz\/filtr.html<\/a> <\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Beattie, A. S.: Could our search for alien life trigger the end of humanity? Daily Mail, 28.04.2014, <a href=\"http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/sciencetech\/article-2612958\/Could-search-alien-life-trigger-end-humanity-Great-Filter-theory-suggests-habitable-exoplanets-spell-demise.html\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.dailymail.co.uk\/sciencetech\/article-2612958\/Could-search-alien-life-trigger-end-humanity-Great-Filter-theory-suggests-habitable-exoplanets-spell-demise.html<\/a><\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>V\u011bdci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee objev mimozemsk\u00e9ho \u017eivota m\u016f\u017ee v\u00e9st k ohro\u017een\u00ed lidstva.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":564,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[58],"class_list":["post-2568","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahady","tag-mimozemstane"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2568","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2568"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2568\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2569,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2568\/revisions\/2569"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2568"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2568"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2568"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}