{"id":2476,"date":"2024-04-08T00:33:22","date_gmt":"2024-04-07T22:33:22","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=2476"},"modified":"2026-04-02T02:47:24","modified_gmt":"2026-04-02T00:47:24","slug":"byl-objeven-gral","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/04\/08\/byl-objeven-gral\/","title":{"rendered":"Byl objeven Gr\u00e1l?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Dva \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed historici vydali knihu, ve kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee po stalet\u00ed hledan\u00fd kalich z Posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e je v bazilice San Isidoro v m\u011bst\u011b Le\u00f3n.<\/strong>
\nPoj\u010fme k fakt\u016fm.<\/p>\n

Na Gr\u00e1l pr\u00fd u\u017e mnoho let sed\u00e1 prach v mal\u00e9m muzeu ve \u0160pan\u011blsku. Objev stolet\u00ed ud\u011blali pr\u00fd Margarita Torres (1), profesorka st\u0159edov\u011bk\u00fdch d\u011bjin na univerzit\u011b v Le\u00f3nu, a historik um\u011bn\u00ed Jos\u00e9 Miguel Ortega River.<\/p>\n

Oba tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee jejich t\u0159\u00edlet\u00fd v\u00fdzkum prokazuje pravost Svat\u00e9ho Gr\u00e1lu. To je, podle jejich n\u00e1zoru, \u010d\u00ed\u0161e z onyxu, kter\u00e1 kdysi pat\u0159ila kr\u00e1lovn\u011b Urraca Kastilsk\u00e9, kter\u00e1 \u017eila v 11. stolet\u00ed. Nyn\u00ed je \u010d\u00ed\u0161e v Leone, spr\u00e1vn\u00edm centru stejnojmenn\u00e9 provincie na severu \u0160pan\u011blska, v muzeu, kter\u00e9 se nach\u00e1z\u00ed v suter\u00e9nu baziliky San Isidoro.<\/p>\n

T\u0159\u00edlet\u00e9 hled\u00e1n\u00ed Gr\u00e1lu popisuj\u00ed Margarita Torres a Jos\u00e9 Ortega v pr\u00e1v\u011b vydan\u00e9 knize \u201eLos reyes del Grial\u201c (Kr\u00e1lov\u00e9 Gr\u00e1lu) (2). Jejich teorie je zalo\u017eena na objevu arabsk\u00fdch rukopis\u016f.<\/p>\n

Podle dvou arabsk\u00fdch svitk\u016f, konzultovan\u00fdch autory s odborn\u00edky v K\u00e1hirsk\u00e9 univerzitn\u00ed knihovn\u011b Al-Azhar, poh\u00e1r byl vyroben n\u011bkdy v obdob\u00ed od 200 let p\u0159.n.l. – 100 n.l. a z\u016fstal po stalet\u00ed v chr\u00e1mu Svat\u00e9ho hrobu. Po jeho vyplen\u011bn\u00ed skon\u010dil v rukou egyptsk\u00e9ho chal\u00edfy, kter\u00fd jej dal v jeden\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed, n\u011bkdy kolem roku 1050, em\u00edrovi z Taifa Denia jako v\u00fdraz vd\u011b\u010dnosti za to, \u017ee pomohl s dod\u00e1vkami potravin b\u011bhem hladomoru. Kr\u00e1tce pot\u00e9 jej em\u00edr poslal jako znamen\u00ed dobr\u00e9 v\u016fle kr\u00e1li Ferdinandovi I. Le\u00f3n (1016-1065), a ten jej daroval sv\u00e9 vnu\u010dce Urraca (1081-1126).<\/p>\n

Kr\u00e1l Le\u00f3n jej dal pot\u00e1hnout zlatem, ozdobit drah\u00fdmi kameny: perlami, smaragdy, diamanty, saf\u00edry a ametysty.<\/p>\n

Poh\u00e1r byl uchov\u00e1v\u00e1n po mnoho stalet\u00ed v bazilice San Isidoro, a byl vystaven v pades\u00e1t\u00fdch letech minul\u00e9ho stolet\u00ed v nov\u011b otev\u0159en\u00e9m c\u00edrkevn\u00edm muzeu v kostele.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Torres a Ortega nejsou v\u0161ak prvn\u00ed s t\u00edmto objevem. U\u017e archeolog Antonio Beltr\u00e1n (1916-2006) tak\u00e9 na\u0161el „\u00fa\u017easn\u00e9 archeologick\u00e9 analogie“ mezi Svat\u00fdm Gr\u00e1lem a poh\u00e1rem kr\u00e1lovny Urraca, a tak\u00e9 se vyj\u00e1d\u0159il ve prosp\u011bch pravosti kalichu z posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e. Ale Beltran tak\u00e9 uvedl, \u017ee jsou i jin\u00ed adepti na svat\u00fd Gr\u00e1l, t\u0159eba ve Valencii (3). S t\u00edm slou\u017eil m\u0161i v \u010dervenci 2006 s\u00e1m pape\u017e Benedikt XVI.<\/p>\n

Torres a Ortega River museli p\u0159iznat, \u017ee jen v Evrop\u011b existuje asi 200 takov\u00fdch Gr\u00e1l\u016f\u2026<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161ina historik\u016f pova\u017euje Gr\u00e1l jako plod legendy keltsk\u00e9ho p\u016fvodu, vztahuj\u00edc\u00ed se k m\u00fdtick\u00e9mu kotl\u00edku, kter\u00fd poskytoval hojnost j\u00eddla a tak se dostal i do prvotn\u00edho k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed v ran\u00e9m st\u0159edov\u011bku. Prvn\u00ed, kdo se p\u00edsemn\u011b zm\u00ednil o Gr\u00e1lu, byl Chr\u00e9tien de Troyes (4) v b\u00e1sni o Percevalovi (5) ve dvan\u00e1ct\u00e9m stolet\u00ed, ale je nejasn\u00e9, o jak\u00e9m kotl\u00edku je \u0159e\u010d. Brzy pot\u00e9 se kotl\u00edk hojnosti zm\u011bnil v poh\u00e1r z Posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e a n\u00e1doby, do kter\u00e9 Josef z Arimatie zachytil krev Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e z r\u00e1ny, zp\u016fsoben\u00e9 kop\u00edm \u0159\u00edmsk\u00e9ho voj\u00e1ka.<\/p>\n

Legenda, kter\u00e1 spojila \u010d\u00ed\u0161i Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161e z Nazareta, vedla k rozmno\u017een\u00ed Gr\u00e1lu ve st\u0159edov\u011bku, kdy v\u00fdroba pam\u00e1tek byla velmi v\u00fdnosn\u00fdm pr\u016fmyslem. Tak vzniklo n\u011bkolik des\u00edtek prst\u016f Jana K\u0159titele i des\u00edtky svat\u00fdch p\u0159edko\u017eek.<\/p>\n

Auto\u0159i knihy, kter\u00e1 vy\u0161la 31. b\u0159ezna 2014, \u0159ekli, \u017ee mohou „v\u011bdecky“ dok\u00e1zat, \u017ee to byl skute\u010dn\u011b Krist\u016fv poh\u00e1r. Jdou v\u0161ak je\u0161t\u011b d\u00e1l a tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee toto je kalich pou\u017eit\u00fd Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161em p\u0159i posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159i, co\u017e je zjevn\u00fd p\u0159\u00edklad \u0161arlat\u00e1nsk\u00e9 pseudohistorie.<\/p>\n

Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, \u0161pan\u011blsk\u00e9 noviny se u\u017e t\u00fdden hem\u017e\u00ed titulky jako „Legend\u00e1rn\u00ed Gr\u00e1l je v Leonu“ , „Kr\u00e1lovna Urraca Zamora ukradla svat\u00fd gr\u00e1l do kostela v Le\u00f3nu“ , „Historici tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee na\u0161li svat\u00fd gr\u00e1l, poh\u00e1r, z kter\u00e9ho pil Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161 p\u0159i posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159i „\u2026 Indiana Jones by mohl z\u00e1vid\u011bt.<\/p>\n

Podez\u0159ele p\u016fsob\u00ed to, \u017ee v\u00fdzkum zaplatil Junta de Castilla y Le\u00f3n (6). M\u00edstn\u00ed m\u00e9dia a v\u011b\u0159\u00edc\u00ed jsou opil\u00ed \u0161t\u011bst\u00edm. Absence kritick\u00e9ho my\u0161len\u00ed jde ruku v ruce s horlivost\u00ed, kter\u00e1 doprov\u00e1z\u00ed t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 ka\u017edou senza\u010dn\u00ed n\u00e1bo\u017eenskou zpr\u00e1vu.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/www.margaritatorres.es\/,<\/a> http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Margarita_Torres<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/www.lecturalia.com\/libro\/86382\/los-reyes-del-grial<\/a><\/em>
\n(3) http:\/\/www.cult.gva.es\/gcv\/catedral_de_valencia.htm<\/a> <\/em>
\n(4) http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Chr%25C3%25A9tien_de_Troyes<\/a> <\/em>
\n(5) http:\/\/es.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Perceval,_el_Cuento_del_Grial<\/a> <\/em>
\n(6) http:\/\/www.jcyl.es\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Dva \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed historici vydali knihu, ve kter\u00e9 tvrd\u00ed, \u017ee po stalet\u00ed hledan\u00fd kalich z Posledn\u00ed ve\u010de\u0159e je v bazilice San<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":762,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,19],"tags":[41,24],"class_list":["post-2476","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-zahady","tag-archeologie","tag-evropa"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2476","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2476"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2476\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2478,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2476\/revisions\/2478"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/762"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2476"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2476"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2476"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}