{"id":2242,"date":"2024-03-12T00:38:39","date_gmt":"2024-03-11T23:38:39","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=2242"},"modified":"2024-03-20T00:06:55","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T23:06:55","slug":"podzemni-svety-3","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/03\/12\/podzemni-svety-3\/","title":{"rendered":"Podzemn\u00ed sv\u011bty (3)"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Legendy o podzemn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hluboko zako\u0159en\u011bny \u2013 pat\u0159\u00ed do trval\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy lidsk\u00fdch archetyp\u016f, nebo jsou na \u00fastupu?<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p><em>John Leslie<\/em> (1766-1832) tvrdil, \u017ee uvnit\u0159 Zem\u011b existuje ne jedno, ale dokonce dv\u011b slunce.<\/p>\n<p>Slavn\u00fd fyzik a zem\u011bpisec <em>Alexander von Humboldt<\/em> (1769-1859) na po\u010d\u00e1tku 19. stolet\u00ed, \u0159ekl o t\u00e9to senza\u010dn\u00ed teorii:<\/p>\n<p><em>&#8222;Lesley p\u0159i\u0161el na my\u0161lenku, \u017ee uvnit\u0159 Zem\u011b se nach\u00e1z\u00ed kulov\u00e9 dutiny napln\u011bn\u00e9 nehmotn\u00fdm fluidem, kter\u00fd expanduje velkou silou.&#8220;<\/em> Tento n\u00e1ro\u010dn\u00fd koncept vyvolal v mysl\u00edch n\u011bkter\u00fdch lid\u00ed, \u00fapln\u011b ciz\u00ed v\u011bdeck\u00e9mu zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed, je\u0161t\u011b fantasti\u010dt\u011bj\u0161\u00ed n\u00e1pady.<\/p>\n<p>\u0160li tak daleko, \u017ee tvrdili, \u017ee v dut\u00e9 Zemi rostou rostliny. Obydleli je i zv\u00ed\u0159aty a rozpt\u00fdlili tmu dv\u011bma hv\u011bzdami, <em>Plutonem<\/em> a <em>Proserpine.<\/em> Tyto podzemn\u00ed prostory maj\u00ed konstantn\u00ed teplotu a jsou v\u011b\u010dn\u011b z\u00e1\u0159\u00edc\u00ed kv\u016fli tlaku vzduchu. (Mo\u017en\u00e1, \u017ee zapomn\u011bli, \u017ee u\u017e jsou zde um\u00edst\u011bny na osv\u011btlen\u00ed dv\u011b hv\u011bzdy.) A kone\u010dn\u011b, na severn\u00edm p\u00f3lu se zem\u011bpisnou \u0161\u00ed\u0159kou 82 stup\u0148\u016f je obrovsk\u00e1 d\u00edra, ze kter\u00e9 poch\u00e1zej\u00ed sv\u011btla pol\u00e1rn\u00edch z\u00e1\u0159\u00ed, je\u017e pronik\u00e1 z dut\u00e9 zem\u011b, a pokud sem doraz\u00edte, m\u016f\u017eete si ud\u011blat v\u00fdlet do nitra Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n<p>Kapit\u00e1n <em>Simmes<\/em> ve\u0159ejn\u011b ozn\u00e1mil, \u017ee on a <em>Sir Humphrey Davy<\/em> se vydaj\u00ed na tuto podzemn\u00ed cestu. Takov\u00fd byl vliv \u0161\u00edlen\u00fdch ambic\u00ed, kter\u00e9 vedly n\u011bkter\u00e9 lidi objevit nezn\u00e1m\u00e9 oblasti, bez ohledu na zdrav\u00fd rozum.<\/p>\n<p style=\"text-align: center;\"><img loading=\"lazy\" decoding=\"async\" class=\"alignnone size-full wp-image-2233\" src=\"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/wp-content\/uploads\/2024\/03\/zaz_podzemnisvety-3.jpg\" alt=\"\" width=\"279\" height=\"288\" \/><\/p>\n<p>Takov\u00e9 my\u0161lenky, kter\u00e9 nikdy nebyly nic jin\u00e9ho ne\u017e \u010dist\u00e1 fikce, p\u0159inesly sv\u00e9 ovoce i v na\u0161\u00ed dob\u011b, a lid\u00e9 je p\u0159ij\u00edmali s neuv\u011b\u0159itelnou v\u00e1\u017enost\u00ed, p\u0159id\u00e1vaj\u00edc\u00ed jim i v\u011bdeck\u00e9 okrasy\u2026<\/p>\n<p>Vyslou\u017eil\u00fd kapit\u00e1n p\u011bchoty <em>John Cleves Symmes<\/em> (1779-1829), o kter\u00e9m hovo\u0159il<em> von Humboldt<\/em>, si 15.dubna 1818 ud\u011blal bezprecedentn\u00ed reklamn\u00ed kampa\u0148. Ve v\u0161ech americk\u00fdch novin\u00e1ch nechal otisknout sv\u016fj dopis \u010dlen\u016fm Kongresu, p\u0159edn\u00edm v\u011bdc\u016fm a univerzitn\u00edm rektor\u016fm:<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Prohla\u0161uji, \u017ee Zem\u011b je dut\u00e1 a uvnit\u0159 obyvateln\u00e1. Obsahuje p\u011bt pevn\u00fdch, soust\u0159edn\u00fdch kulov\u00fdch slupek v sob\u011b s otvory okolo p\u00f3l\u016f. Za pravdivost t\u00e9 skute\u010dnosti ru\u010d\u00edm vlastn\u00edm \u017eivotem. Jsem p\u0159ipraven prozkoumat uvedenou dutinu, pokud m\u011b v tom sv\u011bt podpo\u0159\u00ed a pom\u016f\u017ee mi cestu podniknout.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>M\u016fj c\u00edl je patron\u00e1t tohoto i nov\u00fdch sv\u011bt\u016f. Odkazuji je sv\u00e9 \u017een\u011b a jej\u00edm deseti d\u011btem. Vyb\u00edr\u00e1m Dr. Mitchella, sir Humphrey Davyho a barona Alexandra von Humboldta jako jeho patrony. Pot\u0159ebuji jen sto state\u010dn\u00fdch spole\u010dn\u00edk\u016f, aby vstoupili ze Sibi\u0159e v pozdn\u00edm l\u00e9t\u011b se soby na san\u00edch na led v Severn\u00edm mo\u0159i.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Slibuji, \u017ee najdeme tepl\u00e9 a bohat\u00e9 zem\u011b, opl\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed u\u017eite\u010dn\u00fdmi rostlinami a zv\u00ed\u0159aty, a m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt, i lidmi, jen co mineme 82 stupe\u0148 severn\u00ed \u0161\u00ed\u0159ky. Na ja\u0159e p\u0159\u00ed\u0161t\u00edho roku se budeme vracet.\u201c<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p><em>Simmes<\/em> trval na tom, \u017ee v Zemi je p\u011bt oblast\u00ed, jedna v druh\u00e9, v\u0161echny obydlen\u00e9 vn\u011b i uvnit\u0159, a v\u0161echny maj\u00ed \u0161irok\u00e9 otvory na p\u00f3lech, jeho\u017e prost\u0159ednictv\u00edm se obyvatel\u00e9 ka\u017ed\u00e9 oblasti mohou vydat kamkoli, a to jak dovnit\u0159, tak vn\u011b t\u00e9to oblasti, jako mravenec, lezouc\u00ed uvnit\u0159 a vn\u011b po porcel\u00e1nov\u00e9m \u0161\u00e1lku.<\/p>\n<p>Dopis <em>Clive Simmese<\/em> vyvolal n\u00e1le\u017eitou pozornost: n\u00e1vrh odv\u00e1\u017en\u00e9ho kapit\u00e1na, kter\u00fd se neboj\u00ed nechat za sebou deset sirotk\u016f a vdovu, byl \u0161iroce diskutov\u00e1n v tisku a v Kongresu, ale sb\u00edrka pen\u011bz na expedici nebyla \u00fasp\u011b\u0161n\u00e1.<\/p>\n<p>Jeho n\u00e1vrh se stal pov\u011bstn\u00fdm a to na dlouhou dobu. Je\u0161t\u011b \u0159adu let, kdy\u017e se n\u011bco \u201eztratilo\u201c, \u0161pr\u00fdma\u0159i \u0159\u00edkali: <em>&#8222;Zmizelo to, jako kdy\u017e to do Simmonsovy d\u00edry spadlo.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Fyzik <em>Ernst Chladni<\/em> (1756\u20131827), zakladatel nauky o meteoritech, napsal, \u017ee Simmesova teorie je \u0161patn\u00e1, nebo\u0165 pol\u00e1rn\u00ed mo\u0159e by vyteklo obrovsk\u00fdmi d\u00edrami.<\/p>\n<p>Tyto \u00favahy vedly <em>Edgara Allana Poe<\/em> k naps\u00e1n\u00ed p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhu &#8222;<em>Rukopis nalezen\u00fd v l\u00e1hvi<\/em>&#8220; (1831). Lo\u010f, na kter\u00e9 se plav\u00ed hrdina, se dostane takovou obrovskou v\u00fdpust\u00ed do nitra Zem\u011b.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>\u201eNajednou &#8211; bezb\u0159eh\u00e1 monstr\u00f3zn\u00ed hr\u016fza! &#8211; zprava i zleva se ledy od n\u00e1s rozestoupily, a se z\u00e1vratnou rychlost\u00ed se za\u010d\u00edn\u00e1me to\u010dit pod\u00e9l okraj\u016f obrovsk\u00e9ho amfite\u00e1tru, jej\u00ed\u017e st\u011bny jsou od sebe vzd\u00e1leny v nedohledn\u00e9 d\u00e1li.<\/em><\/li>\n<li><em>Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, pro \u00favahy o m\u016fj osud je te\u010f p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 m\u00e1lo \u010dasu! Kruhy se rychle zu\u017euj\u00ed \u2013 a my se st\u0159emhlav pono\u0159ujeme do centra v\u00fdpusti a za hrozn\u00e9ho \u0159evu, hromu a vyt\u00ed oce\u00e1nu a bou\u0159e, na\u0161e lo\u010f se ot\u0159\u00e1sla, a \u2013 o Bo\u017ee! &#8211; je vr\u017een\u00e1 do propasti!&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>O dva roky pozd\u011bji, spisovatel <em>Osip Senkovskij<\/em> (1800-1858) pou\u017eil my\u0161lenku o dut\u00e9 Zemi ve sv\u00e9m rom\u00e1nu &#8222;Sentiment\u00e1ln\u00ed putov\u00e1n\u00ed na horu Etna&#8220; (1833). Pomstychtiv\u00fd \u0160v\u00e9d, kdy\u017e vid\u011bl, \u017ee hrdina rom\u00e1nu sv\u00e1d\u00ed jeho man\u017eelku, str\u010dil ho do kr\u00e1teru Etny.<\/p>\n<p>Uvnit\u0159 Zem\u011b se v\u0161ak uk\u00e1zalo v\u0161echno naopak, ne\u017e na jeho povrchu: strop byl podlahou, v\u0161echno bylo obr\u00e1cen\u00e9 naruby. Vybral si \u017eenu vzh\u016fru nohama, i dom\u00e1cnost m\u011bl vzh\u016fru nohama.<\/p>\n<p>Do tohoto &#8222;opa\u010dn\u00e9ho sv\u011bta\u201c se p\u0159es otvor vulk\u00e1nu dostal rom\u00e1nov\u00fd hrdina <em>Julese Verna (1828-1905)<\/em> v \u201e<em>Cest\u011b do st\u0159edu Zem\u011b&#8220;<\/em> (1864). Mlad\u00fd <em>Jules Verne<\/em> se sezn\u00e1mil s geologem <em>Saint-Claire Deville<\/em>, kter\u00fd pova\u017eoval Zemi za chladn\u00e9 t\u011bleso, a n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t se pokou\u0161el dostat do kr\u00e1teru vyhasl\u00fdch sopek a vylezl na <em>Stromboli<\/em> b\u011bhem erupce.<\/p>\n<p><em>Saint-Clair<\/em> nejen navrhl t\u00e9ma rom\u00e1nu, ale tak\u00e9 mu dal obraz v\u011bdce -fanatika, nelituj\u00edc\u00edho sv\u016fj \u017eivot v z\u00e1jmu v\u011bdy. Hrdina rom\u00e1nu, v doprovodu dvou p\u0159\u00e1tel se spou\u0161t\u00ed a\u017e do kr\u00e1teru vyhasl\u00e9 sopky <em>Sneffels<\/em> na <em>Islandu<\/em> a objevuje se v n\u00e1dhern\u00e9m podzemn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b osv\u011btlen\u00e9m matnou z\u00e1\u0159i elektrick\u00e9 energie, kter\u00e1 prostupuje vzduch t\u00e9to jeskynn\u00ed zem\u011b. (Do tohoto kr\u00e1teru um\u00edstil d\u011bj sv\u00e9 slavn\u00e9 trilogie <em>Cesta slep\u00fdch pt\u00e1k\u016f, Runa Rider, Slune\u010dn\u00ed jezero<\/em> n\u00e1\u0161 <em>Ludv\u00edk Sou\u010dek (1926-1978)<\/em>.)<\/p>\n<p>State\u010dn\u00ed cestovatel\u00e9 vid\u00ed podzemn\u00ed mo\u0159e, lesy ze strom\u016f d\u00e1vno za\u0161l\u00fdch geologick\u00fdch epoch, kde pob\u00edhaj\u00ed vyhynul\u00ed dinosau\u0159i a l\u00e9taj\u00ed pterodaktylov\u00e9 s k\u0159\u00eddly jako netop\u00fdr.<\/p>\n<p>V roce 1871 britsk\u00fd romanopisec <em>Edward Bulwer-Lytton<\/em> (1803\u20131873) ve sv\u00e9 knize &#8222;<em>Hrozn\u00e1 rasa<\/em>\u201c, popsal rasu nadlid\u00ed, <em>Vrilu,<\/em> kter\u00e1 \u017eila v podzem\u00ed, a m\u011bla v pl\u00e1nu podmanit si Zemi. V t\u00e9m\u017ee roce vydal <em>William Lyon<\/em> knihu &#8222;<em>Dut\u00e1 koule<\/em>&#8220; napsan\u00e9 na z\u00e1klad\u011b informac\u00ed z\u00edskan\u00fdch od jasnovidce <em>M. Shermana<\/em>.<\/p>\n<p>Podle n\u011bj tlou\u0161\u0165ka zemsk\u00e9 k\u016fry nen\u00ed v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e 30-40 mil. Uvnit\u0159 je b\u00e1je\u010dn\u00fd sv\u011bt, rozvinut\u011bj\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e na povrchu, a lze se tam dostat p\u0159es d\u00edru &#8222;v oblasti nezmapovan\u00e9ho pol\u00e1rn\u00edho ledov\u00e9ho mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Recenze <em>Lyonovy<\/em> knihy vy\u0161la v \u010dasopise 1. \u010dervence 1884. Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tuto recenzi napsala sama <em>Helena Petrovna Blavatsk\u00e1<\/em> (1798\u20131873). Vyj\u00e1d\u0159ila nad\u011bji, \u017ee autor vyj\u00e1d\u0159il sv\u016fj sen dostat se dovnit\u0159 Zem\u011b, <em>&#8222;pokud ne v tomto vt\u011blen\u00ed, pak v dal\u0161\u00edm, jako \u010dlen \u0161est\u00e9 rasy, kte\u0159\u00ed se ji\u017e za\u010d\u00ednaj\u00ed objevovat na vn\u011bj\u0161\u00edm povrchu na\u0161\u00ed dut\u00e9 koule.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V roce 1895 vy\u0161la knihu <em>Johna Lloyda \u201eAtidofra, aneb Konec Zem\u011b.\u201c<\/em> Naps\u00e1na ve form\u011b rom\u00e1nu, nicm\u00e9n\u011b obsahuje mnoho v\u011bdeck\u00fdch a esoterick\u00fdch informac\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Zemsk\u00e1 k\u016fra m\u00e1, podle Lloyda, tlou\u0161\u0165ku 1280 km, a cel\u00e1 je protk\u00e1na chodbami a obydlen\u00fdmi jeskyn\u011bmi. V ur\u010dit\u00e9 hloubce zem\u011b sama za\u010dne z\u00e1\u0159it. Gravita\u010dn\u00ed s\u00edla se zvy\u0161uje a\u017e do hloubky 16 km a pak za\u010dne sl\u00e1bnout, a do hloubky 1120 km zcela zmiz\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Legendy o podzemn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hluboko zako\u0159en\u011bny \u2013 pat\u0159\u00ed do trval\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy lidsk\u00fdch archetyp\u016f, nebo jsou na \u00fastupu?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1159,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[61],"class_list":["post-2242","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahady","tag-podzemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2242"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2250,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2242\/revisions\/2250"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2242"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2242"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2242"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}