{"id":2228,"date":"2024-02-22T00:24:20","date_gmt":"2024-02-21T23:24:20","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=2228"},"modified":"2024-03-19T23:56:54","modified_gmt":"2024-03-19T22:56:54","slug":"podzemni-svety-1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2024\/02\/22\/podzemni-svety-1\/","title":{"rendered":"Podzemn\u00ed sv\u011bty (1)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Legendy o podzemn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hluboko zako\u0159en\u011bny \u2013 pat\u0159\u00ed do trval\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy lidsk\u00fdch archetyp\u016f, nebo jsou na \u00fastupu?<\/strong><\/p>\n

Podzemn\u00ed mytologie<\/strong><\/p>\n

V prvobytn\u00fdch dob\u00e1ch m\u011bl \u010dlov\u011bk \u00factu ke v\u0161emu, co le\u017eelo pod jeho nohama. \u010cern\u00fd otvor jeskyn\u011b vyvol\u00e1val strach, ale z\u00e1rove\u0148 byl nejlep\u0161\u00edm p\u0159\u00edtelem.<\/p>\n

„Matka Zem\u011b“ dala \u017eivot, ale do jej\u00ed n\u00e1ru\u010de odch\u00e1zeli mrtv\u00ed. Nen\u00ed divu, \u017ee podzemn\u00ed sv\u011bt m\u00fdt\u016f a legend primitivn\u00edch n\u00e1rod\u016f se stal bydli\u0161t\u011bm umrlc\u016f, a \u017eiv\u00fdm bylo zak\u00e1z\u00e1no tam chodit. Sestup k mrtv\u00fdm byl pova\u017eov\u00e1n za mo\u017en\u00fd, i kdy\u017e to byla velmi obt\u00ed\u017en\u00e1 a nebezpe\u010dn\u00e1 cesta.<\/p>\n

Gilgame\u0161,<\/em> hrdina sumersk\u00fdch epick\u00fdch b\u00e1j\u00ed, se vydal do hlubin, aby si pohovo\u0159il se zesnul\u00fdm Utnapi\u0161timem.<\/p>\n

P\u0159\u00edb\u011bh sumersk\u00e9 bohyn\u011b plodnosti a v\u00e1lky Inanny se stal jedn\u00edm ze z\u00e1kladn\u00edch kamen\u016f sumersk\u00e9ho n\u00e1bo\u017eenstv\u00ed. Popisuje snahu Inanny z\u00edskat vl\u00e1du nad podsv\u011bt\u00edm \u010di snad dokonce zru\u0161it smrt. Podl\u00e9h\u00e1 v\u0161ak podsv\u011btn\u00edm boh\u016fm a zp\u011bt na zemi se m\u016f\u017ee vr\u00e1tit jen, pokud za sebe nalezne n\u00e1hradu. D\u00e9mon\u016fm nakonec vyd\u00e1 sv\u00e9ho man\u017eela Dumuziho.<\/p>\n

Odv\u00e1\u017en\u00ed hrdinov\u00e9 finsk\u00e9ho eposu „Kalevala“<\/em> se vydali do „\u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch“ za docela praktick\u00fdmi \u00fa\u010dely: V\u00e4in\u00e4m\u00f6inen se \u0161el u\u010dit od „spr\u00e1vkyn\u011b podsv\u011bt\u00ed“ posv\u00e1tn\u00e1 slova, aby ochr\u00e1nil svou lo\u010f.<\/p>\n

Ve skandin\u00e1vsk\u00fdch b\u00e1sn\u00edch „Mlad\u0161\u00ed Edda<\/em>“ je tak\u00e9 p\u0159ipom\u00edn\u00e1na \u0159\u00ed\u0161e mrtv\u00fdch, kter\u00e1 se skl\u00e1d\u00e1 z dev\u00edti sv\u011bt\u016f. Nach\u00e1z\u00ed se pod Sv\u011btov\u00fdm stromem. Cesta do n\u011bj \u0161la dol\u016f a na sever. Dostat se tam, znamenalo cestovat dev\u011bt dn\u00ed na koni. (!)<\/p>\n

S p\u0159\u00edchodem k\u0159es\u0165anstv\u00ed byl podzemn\u00ed sv\u011bt pevn\u011b spojen s podsv\u011bt\u00edm, kde \u010f\u00e1blov\u00e9 p\u00e1l\u00ed h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edky, a m\u00edsto boh\u016f a hrdin\u016f se do podzemn\u00edho sv\u011bta Lucifera za\u010dali vyd\u00e1vat jen spravedliv\u00ed lid\u00e9 a svat\u00ed, vracej\u00edc\u00ed se s po\u0159\u00e1dnou d\u00e1vkou strachu pro st\u00e1do na zemi pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00edch h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edk\u016f.<\/p>\n

Historky o n\u00e1v\u0161t\u011bv\u011b pekel jsou dostate\u010dn\u011b zn\u00e1m\u00e9 z poh\u00e1dek a lidov\u00fdch zkazek. Dokonce i v 19. stolet\u00ed se tyto p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy tu a tam se objevily v tehdej\u0161\u00edm „bulv\u00e1ru“, v r\u00e1mci informac\u00ed o modern\u00edch technologi\u00edch (v\u0161ichni \u010detli p\u0159\u00edb\u011bhy o tom, jak ropn\u00e9 studny obch\u00e1zel \u010f\u00e1bel, nebo jak supercitliv\u00e9 mikrofony spu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 do podzem\u00ed zaznamenaly k\u0159ik h\u0159\u00ed\u0161n\u00edk\u016f).<\/p>\n

A nen\u00ed to dokonce tak d\u00e1vno, kdy\u017e \u0161pan\u011bl\u0161t\u00ed fyzikov\u00e9 Jorge Mira P\u00e9rez<\/em> a Jos\u00e9 Vi\u00f1a<\/em> „vypo\u010d\u00edtali“ z biblick\u00fdch text\u016f teplotu podsv\u011bt\u00ed: podle jejich slov je v n\u011bm 445 \u00b0 C a je um\u00edst\u011bno v hloubce 14 kilometr\u016f!<\/p>\n

Zoroastrismus<\/em> tak\u00e9 p\u0159ijal do sv\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy „zpr\u00e1vu z pekla“. Spravedliv\u00fd Viraz,<\/em> pob\u00fdvaj\u00edc\u00ed pod zem\u00ed, popsal, co vid\u011bl: „Kdy\u017e jsem se trochu pro\u0161el, c\u00edtil jsem takov\u00fd chlad, jako je mlha, \u017e\u00e1r a z\u00e1pach, jak\u00fd jsem nikdy neza\u017eil…<\/em><\/p>\n

Kdy\u017e jsem \u0161el d\u00e1le, vid\u011bl jsem hrozn\u00e9 peklo, hlubok\u00e9 jako nejhlub\u0161\u00ed d\u016fl, v ponur\u00e9 rokli ve tm\u011b tak tmav\u00e9, \u017ee ji bylo mo\u017en\u00e9 vz\u00edt do ruky. A z\u00e1pach byl tak siln\u00fd, \u017ee ka\u017ed\u00e9mu, komu se ocitl v nose, t\u0159esouc\u00ed se spadl dol\u016f…“<\/em><\/p>\n

Pokra\u010dov\u00e1n\u00ed<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Legendy o podzemn\u00edm sv\u011bt\u011b jsou p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 hluboko zako\u0159en\u011bny \u2013 pat\u0159\u00ed do trval\u00e9 v\u00fdbavy lidsk\u00fdch archetyp\u016f, nebo jsou na \u00fastupu?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1159,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[19],"tags":[61],"class_list":["post-2228","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-zahady","tag-podzemi"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2228","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=2228"}],"version-history":[{"count":2,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2228\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":2244,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/2228\/revisions\/2244"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1159"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=2228"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=2228"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=2228"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}