{"id":1895,"date":"2023-12-12T00:22:25","date_gmt":"2023-12-11T23:22:25","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=1895"},"modified":"2024-01-24T04:04:51","modified_gmt":"2024-01-24T03:04:51","slug":"podivne-utvary-na-snimcich-z-marsu-8","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2023\/12\/12\/podivne-utvary-na-snimcich-z-marsu-8\/","title":{"rendered":"Podivn\u00e9 \u00fatvary na sn\u00edmc\u00edch z Marsu (8)"},"content":{"rendered":"

Co se to pohybuje po Marsu?<\/strong>
\nSonda NASA vyfotografovala z ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy Marsu podivn\u00e9 stopy zanechan\u00e9 zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00edmi objekty.<\/p>\n

Nepokojn\u00fd k\u00e1men<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sn\u00edmek, kter\u00fd ned\u00e1vno p\u0159inesla automatick\u00e9 stanice Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter (MRO), ob\u00edhaj\u00edc\u00ed kolem Marsu, udivila odborn\u00edky.<\/p>\n

Kamera s objektivem s vysok\u00fdm rozli\u0161en\u00edm HiRISE (High Resolution Imaging Science Experiment) (1), kterou provozuj\u00ed NASA a Universita v Arizon\u011b, zachytila velmi zvl\u00e1\u0161tn\u00ed v\u011bc.<\/p>\n

Jak\u00fdsi objekt se z\u0159eteln\u011b pohyboval na povrchu rud\u00e9 planety.<\/p>\n

Konkr\u00e9tn\u011b se jedn\u00e1 o oblast s n\u00e1zvem Nili Fossae se sou\u0159adnicemi 22\u00b0N, 75\u00b0E, vedle kter\u00e9 je pom\u011brn\u011b velk\u00fd kr\u00e1ter.<\/p>\n

Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee p\u0159edm\u011bt je – balvan. Ov\u0161em velmi velk\u00fd k\u00e1men, kter\u00fd m\u00e1 v\u00edce ne\u017e 20 metr\u016f v pr\u016fm\u011bru. A kdy\u017e se valil, vytvo\u0159il stopu – velmi hlubokou br\u00e1zdu. Tak velkou, \u017ee je vid\u011bt i z ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr.1: Sn\u00edmek sondy MRO se stopou, kterou zanechal val\u00edc\u00ed se balvan. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

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Obr.2: Br\u00e1zda po val\u00edc\u00edm se balvanu. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

Ale pro\u010d se balvan kut\u00e1lel? Tuto ot\u00e1zku si polo\u017eil badatel Phil Plait vedouc\u00ed blogu Bad Astronomy na webu \u010dasopisu NewScientist. Ale jasnou odpov\u011b\u010f nena\u0161el. Svah, na kter\u00e9m se balvan valil, nen\u00ed velk\u00fd – cel\u00e1 oblast Nili Fossae vystupuje nad povrch pouh\u00fdch 600 metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Co mohlo zp\u016fsobit pohyb tak velk\u00e9ho balvanu? Marsot\u0159esen\u00ed? Dopad meteoritu? Po\u017e\u00e1r? Z\u00e1topy? Nebo se pohyboval s\u00e1m od sebe, jako o tom vypr\u00e1v\u00ed pov\u011bsti o soch\u00e1ch z Velikono\u010dn\u00edho ostrova? NASA o t\u00e9to ot\u00e1zce ml\u010d\u00ed.<\/p>\n

Phil upozornil na dal\u0161\u00ed podivnost. Pokud br\u00e1zdu prozkoum\u00e1me bl\u00ed\u017eeji, zjist\u00edme, \u017ee je p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e1. Jako by balvan pravideln\u011b odpo\u010d\u00edval a d\u00e1val se do pohybu v pravideln\u00fdch intervalech.<\/p>\n

Bude se objekt d\u00e1l pohybovat? Zjistit to m\u016f\u017ee jen NASA, a\u017e ud\u011bl\u00e1 z\u00e1b\u011bry t\u00e9to oblasti za n\u011bjak\u00fd \u010das.<\/p>\n

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Obr.3: Expert upozornil na podivn\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161en\u00ed br\u00e1zdy. Nav\u00edc, p\u0159i zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00ed sn\u00edmku jsou vid\u011bt je\u0161t\u011b dal\u0161\u00ed stopy – vlevo. Jsou ten\u010d\u00ed. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee Nili Fossae je bohat\u00e9 lo\u017eiska j\u00edl\u016f, co\u017e ukazuje, \u017ee v minulosti tam byla voda.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u011b pr\u00e1v\u011b zde m\u011bl p\u0159ist\u00e1t rover Curiosiry. Ale nakonec byl posl\u00e1n do kr\u00e1teru Gale, kter\u00fd se zd\u00e1l atraktivn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed. Bohu\u017eel, nyn\u00ed se ukazuje, jak\u00e1 je to \u0161koda. Nyn\u00ed by se l\u00e9pe odpov\u00eddalo na ot\u00e1zku, co rozpohybovalo mar\u0165ansk\u00e9 balvany.<\/p>\n

Mar\u0165ansk\u00fd vlak<\/strong><\/p>\n

Br\u00e1zdu a objekt, kter\u00fd ji vytvo\u0159il, si v\u0161iml na sn\u00edmku z Marsu zn\u00e1m\u00fd americk\u00fd badatel Joseph P. Skipper, virtu\u00e1ln\u00ed archeolog, kter\u00fd hled\u00e1 anom\u00e1lie na sn\u00edmc\u00edch jin\u00fdch planet.<\/p>\n

Br\u00e1zdu mu pomohl objevit program Google Mars, jeho\u017e sn\u00edmky poch\u00e1zej\u00ed z r\u016fzn\u00fdch sond, kter\u00e9 se pohybovaly na ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze rud\u00e9 planety.<\/p>\n

Tato br\u00e1zda je tak\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e1. I p\u0159es jej\u00ed zjevnou podobnost se stopami v Nili Fossae, Skipper v\u011b\u0159\u00ed, \u017ee objevil n\u011bjak\u00fd dopravn\u00ed syst\u00e9m podobn\u00fd pozemsk\u00e9 jednokolejn\u00e9 \u017eeleznici.<\/p>\n

Br\u00e1zda se t\u00e1hne ke kr\u00e1teru Gale, kde nyn\u00ed jezd\u00ed rover Curiosity. Ale, bohu\u017eel, je od n\u00ed vzd\u00e1len asi 900 kilometr\u016f. Nejv\u00edce p\u0159ekvapuj\u00edc\u00ed je, \u017ee „archeolog“ na\u0161el nejen „\u017eeleznice“, ale tak\u00e9 jak\u00e9si vozidlo na n\u00ed. Je z\u0159eteln\u011b vid\u011bt obd\u00e9ln\u00edkov\u00fd objekt, kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo na „kolej\u00ed“. Nav\u00edc vrh\u00e1 st\u00edn, kter\u00fd vypad\u00e1, jako by objekt byl nad povrchem. Vag\u00f3n? Nebo je to op\u011bt velk\u00fd balvan?<\/p>\n

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Obr.4: Objekt, podobn\u00fd vag\u00f3nu, vzn\u00e1\u0161ej\u00edc\u00ed se nad kolejemi. Br\u00e1zda je tak\u00e9 p\u0159eru\u0161ovan\u00e1. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

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Obr.5: „Dopravn\u00ed syst\u00e9m“ se nach\u00e1z\u00ed 900 kilometr\u016f od kr\u00e1teru Gale. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

Bylo by naivn\u00ed v\u011b\u0159it na vlaky na Marsu. Ale jak vysv\u011btlit skute\u010dnost, \u017ee dr\u00e1\u017eka se t\u00e1hne na obou stran\u00e1ch od tohoto balvanu? Jezdil sem a tam? A pro\u010d vrh\u00e1 takov\u00fd podivn\u00fd st\u00edn?<\/p>\n

M\u00edstn\u00ed unaven\u00fd yetti<\/strong><\/p>\n

V kr\u00e1teru Gale nen\u00ed klid.<\/p>\n

Na zv\u011bt\u0161en\u00e9m sn\u00edmku, kter\u00fd byl po\u0159\u00edzen sondou MRO z v\u00fd\u0161ky 275 km nad\u0161enci na\u0161li vertik\u00e1ln\u00ed objekt, kter\u00fd vrh\u00e1 st\u00edn. A za n\u00edm \u2013 \u0159et\u011bz stop.<\/p>\n

Op\u011bt pohybuj\u00edc\u00ed se valoun?<\/p>\n

Pokud nechcete p\u0159em\u00fd\u0161let o balvanech, pak si p\u0159edstavte, \u017ee objekt je \u017eiv\u00e1 bytost a otisky \u2013 stopy jeho ch\u016fze. Jako kdyby byly unaven\u00e9\u2026<\/p>\n

Pod\u00edv\u00e1te-li se velmi pe\u010dliv\u011b na dlouhou dobu, zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee tvor m\u00e1 hlavu, ruce a nohy.<\/p>\n

Odborn\u00edci z University v Arizon\u011b objev tohoto \u201etvora\u201c nekomentuj\u00ed. Ale zd\u016fraz\u0148uj\u00ed, \u017ee rozli\u0161en\u00ed obrazu je 25 cm na pixel. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee je mo\u017en\u00e9 rozli\u0161it objekty men\u0161\u00ed ne\u017e jeden metr. P\u0159esn\u011bji \u0159e\u010deno \u2013 pr\u016fm\u011brn\u011b 83 cm. Ukazuje se, \u017ee \u201ebytost\u201c by mohla m\u00edt velikost pod 4 metry.<\/p>\n

Na Zemi takov\u00ed dvounoz\u00ed tvorov\u00e9 jsou jen legend\u00e1rn\u00ed „sn\u011b\u017en\u00ed lid\u00e9“, yetti. Jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b men\u0161\u00ed – ne v\u00edce ne\u017e 3 metry. Ale na Marsu mohou b\u00fdt d\u00edky men\u0161\u00ed gravitaci \u2013 v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed\u2026<\/p>\n

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Obr.6: N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed se domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee na Marsu chod\u00ed unaven\u00fd Yetti. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

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Obr. 7: Mar\u0165ansk\u00fd Yetti a jeho stopy jsou v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed. Pokud se pod\u00edv\u00e1te na st\u00edn, m\u016f\u017eeme vid\u011bt hlavu a ramena. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

Na Marsu m\u016f\u017eete vid\u011bt dal\u0161\u00ed sadu stop, mnohem v\u011bt\u0161\u00ed a \u0161ir\u0161\u00ed. Jako by tam \u0161el n\u011bjak\u00fd mar\u0165ansk\u00fd slon.<\/p>\n

Na M\u011bs\u00edci je to sam\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

Obr\u00e1zek s pohybuj\u00edc\u00edm se m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00edm kamenem p\u0159inesla sonda, kter\u00e1 je nyn\u00ed na m\u011bs\u00ed\u010dn\u00ed ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1ze (NASA Lunar Reconnaissance Orbiter Camera-LROC). (2)<\/p>\n

Kdy se balvan dal do pohybu? Zd\u00e1 se, \u017ee vcelku ned\u00e1vno – stopy vypadaj\u00ed velmi \u010derstv\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Experti z University v Arizon\u011b se v\u0161ak domn\u00edvaj\u00ed, \u017ee u\u017e … p\u0159ed miliony let\u2026 Upozornili na mal\u00e9 kr\u00e1tery, kter\u00e9 v n\u011bkter\u00fdch m\u00edstech rozru\u0161ili dr\u00e1hu balvanu. To znamen\u00e1, \u017ee k tomu do\u0161lo velmi d\u00e1vno.<\/p>\n

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Obr.8: Balvan, kut\u00e1lej\u00edc\u00ed se po M\u011bs\u00edci. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

P\u0159esn\u011b to v\u0161ak odborn\u00edci \u0159\u00edci nemohou, ale p\u0159edpokl\u00e1daj\u00ed, \u017ee stopa byla vytvo\u0159ena p\u0159ed 50 a\u017e 100 miliony lety. Ale ne d\u0159\u00edve. To u\u017e by byla vymaz\u00e1na slune\u010dn\u00edm v\u011btrem. Pr\u016fm\u011br balvanu odborn\u00edci odhaduj\u00ed na 9 metr\u016f.<\/p>\n

Pravd\u011bpodobn\u00e1 p\u0159\u00ed\u010dina – Mar\u0165an\u0161t\u00ed \u010f\u00e1blov\u00e9<\/strong><\/p>\n

N\u011bkte\u0159\u00ed odborn\u00edci s\u00e1z\u00ed na \u010f\u00e1bla \u2013 pra\u0161n\u00e9 mar\u0165ansk\u00e9 \u010f\u00e1bly (Martian dust devils). Tak naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed v\u00edry, kter\u00e9 se hon\u00ed na povrchu rud\u00e9 planety. Tito mimozem\u0161t\u00ed „brat\u0159i“ pozemsk\u00fdch torn\u00e1d, p\u0159ekvapiv\u011b nejsou tak vz\u00e1cn\u00fdmi hosty v m\u00edstn\u00ed velmi z\u0159ed\u011bn\u00e9 atmosf\u00e9\u0159e. Pro\u010d se objevuj\u00ed, to st\u00e1le nen\u00ed jasn\u00e9. Je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee nedostatek tlaku na Marsu zesiluje pohyb prachu nebo sn\u011bhu. A je mo\u017en\u00e9, \u017ee se v tomto procesu \u00fa\u010dastn\u00ed i elektrostatick\u00e9 s\u00edly.<\/p>\n

Ale \u010f\u00e1blov\u00e9 jsou zde skute\u010dn\u011b siln\u00ed. Nen\u00ed vylou\u010deno, \u017ee jsou schopni pohybovat objekty na povrchu.<\/p>\n

V minul\u00e9m roce nap\u0159\u00edklad MRO fotografoval ob\u0159\u00ed v\u00edr. Jeho had\u00ed sloup m\u011bl v\u00fd\u0161ku 780 metr\u016f a tlou\u0161\u0165ku 30 metr\u016f. Pohyboval se rychlost\u00ed v\u00edce ne\u017e 100 kilometr\u016f za hodinu.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr.9: Mar\u0165ansk\u00fd prachov\u00fd \u010f\u00e1bel – v\u00edr, kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee pohybovat balvany na Marsu. Foto: NASA<\/em><\/p>\n

Ale co pohybuje balvany na M\u011bs\u00edci, kde nen\u00ed atmosf\u00e9ra? To je ta prav\u00e1 z\u00e1hada.<\/p>\n

Sonda Mars Reconnaissance Orbiter dorazila k planet\u011b Mars v roce 2006. Oblet\u00ed ji za 112 minut. V\u00fd\u0161ka ob\u011b\u017en\u00e9 dr\u00e1hy se pohybuje od 255 do 320 km. Sonda dosud ud\u011blala v\u00edce ne\u017e 20.000 sn\u00edmk\u016f.<\/p>\n

V\u011bt\u0161inu z nich lze nal\u00e9zt na webov\u00fdch str\u00e1nk\u00e1ch University v Arizon\u011b, kde se ka\u017ed\u00fd den objevuj\u00ed nov\u00e9 sn\u00edmky Marsu.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/hirise.lpl.arizona.edu\/nea.php<\/a> <\/em>
\n(2) http:\/\/www.lroc.asu.edu\/<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Co se to pohybuje po Marsu?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":470,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,19],"tags":[65],"class_list":["post-1895","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-mars"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1895","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1895"}],"version-history":[{"count":3,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1895\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1907,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1895\/revisions\/1907"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/470"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1895"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1895"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1895"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}