{"id":1621,"date":"2023-11-16T00:29:13","date_gmt":"2023-11-15T23:29:13","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=1621"},"modified":"2023-11-22T23:46:51","modified_gmt":"2023-11-22T22:46:51","slug":"bylo-odhaleno-tajemstvi-yettiho","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2023\/11\/16\/bylo-odhaleno-tajemstvi-yettiho\/","title":{"rendered":"Bylo odhaleno tajemstv\u00ed yettiho?"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Genetik Bryan Sykes (1) z Oxfordsk\u00e9 university tvrd\u00ed (podle zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v v mnoha m\u00e9di\u00edch), \u017ee p\u016fvod legendy o Yetti je v existenci dosud nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho druhu medv\u011bda.<\/strong><!--more--><\/p>\n<p>V ned\u011bli 13.10.2013 v dokument\u00e1rn\u00edm seri\u00e1lu na TV Channel 4 britsk\u00fd v\u011bdec sd\u011blil, \u017ee p\u0159i zkoum\u00e1n\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159ec\u00edch chlup\u016f z indick\u00e9 oblasti Ladakh a Bh\u00fat\u00e1nu na\u0161el &#8222;p\u0159esnou genetickou shodu&#8220; s DNA pol\u00e1rn\u00edho medv\u011bda.<\/p>\n<p>Toto sd\u011blen\u00ed v\u0161ak m\u00e9dia interpretovala tak, \u017ee byla vy\u0159e\u0161ena z\u00e1hada sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho mu\u017ee. (2) (3)<\/p>\n<p>V TV Channel 4 mus\u00ed b\u00fdt spokojeni s pozornost\u00ed m\u00e9di\u00ed po premi\u00e9\u0159e prvn\u00ed epizody tohoto seri\u00e1lu, v\u011bnovan\u00e9mu pr\u00e1v\u011b Bigfootu.<\/p>\n<p>Jen\u017ee to, co vy\u0161lo najevo v Sykesov\u011b studii, nedokazuje v\u016fbec to, co tvrd\u00ed tyto zpr\u00e1vy. V\u016fbec ne. Ukazuje jen \u0161ikovnost televize prodat m\u00e9di\u00edm cokoli.<\/p>\n<p>Zpr\u00e1va, \u017ee genetik objevil nov\u00fd druh medv\u011bda, je nepochybn\u011b d\u016fle\u017eit\u00e1, ale to by nezaj\u00edmalo tolik noviny a m\u00e9dia. Proto se tato zpr\u00e1va umn\u011b spojila s probl\u00e9mem \u00fadajn\u00e9ho yettiho.<\/p>\n<p>Sykes analyzoval vzorky dvou nezn\u00e1m\u00fdch zv\u00ed\u0159at: podivn\u00e9ho stvo\u0159en\u00ed zabit\u00e9ho lovcem p\u0159ed 40 lety v indick\u00e9m Ladaku a srst\u00ed, z\u00edskanou filmov\u00fdm \u0161t\u00e1bem v bambusov\u00e9m lese v Bh\u00fat\u00e1nu p\u0159ed 10 lety.<\/p>\n<p>T\u00edm, \u017ee porovnal jejich DNA s jin\u00fdmi zv\u00ed\u0159aty ulo\u017een\u00fdmi v Genetick\u00e9 bance, datab\u00e1z\u00ed genetick\u00fdch sekvenc\u00ed z National Institutes of Health (NIH) ve Spojen\u00fdch st\u00e1tech, zjistil, \u017ee oba vzorky maj\u00ed 100% shodu s genomem z \u010delisti primitivn\u00edho ledn\u00edho medv\u011bda, nalezen\u00e9ho na \u0160picberk\u00e1ch (Norsko), kter\u00fd zde \u017eil p\u0159ed 40.000 a\u017e 120.000 lety.<\/p>\n<p>To znamen\u00e1 z doby, kdy byl pol\u00e1rn\u00ed medv\u011bd je\u0161t\u011b hn\u011bd\u00fd a nebyl odd\u011blen jako druh.<\/p>\n<p>Sykes, pro n\u011bj\u017e jeho v\u00fdsledky byly &#8222;zcela ne\u010dekan\u00e9&#8220;, se domn\u00edv\u00e1, \u017ee vysv\u011btlen\u00ed nen\u00ed, \u017ee \u201eprimitivn\u00ed ledn\u00ed medv\u011bdi \u017eij\u00ed v Him\u00e1l\u00e1ji&#8220;, ale sp\u00ed\u0161e to, \u017ee existuje poddruh medv\u011bda hn\u011bd\u00e9ho, dosud nezn\u00e1m\u00e9ho, nebo m\u016f\u017ee j\u00edt o k\u0159\u00ed\u017eence. Zat\u00edm budou pokra\u010dovat testy, kter\u00e9 budou podrobn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed, pokud v\u011bdec bude publikovat \u010dl\u00e1nek ve v\u011bdeck\u00e9m \u010dasopise.<\/p>\n<p>Jak\u00e9 jsou souvislosti sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho mu\u017ee a him\u00e1lajsk\u00e9ho hn\u011bd\u00e9ho medv\u011bda?<\/p>\n<p>To, co ud\u011blala m\u00e9dia z tohoto objevu, je absurdn\u00ed. V roce 2005 genetik Daniel Coltman identifikoval srst \u00fadajn\u00e9ho <em>Bigfoota<\/em> jako srst <em>bizona.<\/em> (4)<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy jsou stejn\u00e9, jako kdyby se tehdy psalo, \u017ee <em>&#8222;bigfoot je geneticky p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00fd s americk\u00fdm bizonem.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Sykesovo zji\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed m\u00e1 souvislost s yetti zcela n\u00e1hodnou &#8211; nov\u00fd, dosud nezn\u00e1m\u00fd druh medv\u011bda \u017eije v prost\u0159ed\u00ed, kde pravd\u011bpodobn\u011b \u017eije tak\u00e9 sn\u011b\u017en\u00fd mu\u017e.<\/p>\n<p>Nyn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed zpr\u00e1vy mohou jen p\u0159isp\u011bt k mo\u017en\u00e9mu vysv\u011btlen\u00ed n\u011bkter\u00fdch pozorov\u00e1n\u00ed yettiho, \u017ee by \u0161lo o him\u00e1lajsk\u00e9ho hn\u011bd\u00e9ho medv\u011bda. Nen\u00ed to v\u016fbec nic nov\u00e9ho. Na z\u00e1m\u011bnu s medv\u011bdem se upozor\u0148ovalo u\u017e d\u00e1vno.<\/p>\n<p>&#8222;Takzvan\u00ed chlupat\u00ed divoc\u00ed lid\u00e9 jsou samoz\u0159ejm\u011b velc\u00ed jako hn\u011bd\u00fd medv\u011bd (Ursus isabellinus), kter\u00fd je i maso\u017erav\u00fd a \u010dasto zabije jaky,&#8220; napsal v roce 1899 britsk\u00fd arm\u00e1dn\u00ed cestovatel Laurence A. Waddell v knize &#8222;Mezi Him\u00e1lajemi.&#8220;<\/p>\n<p>Auto\u0159i knihy &#8222;Abominable science! Origins of the yeti, Nessie and other famous cryptids\u201c (2013) Daniel Loxton (5) a Donald R. Prothero (6) uv\u00e1d\u00ed na z\u00e1klad\u011b tvrzen\u00ed horolezce Reinholda Messnera (7):<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em>&#8222;Yetti je \u0161patn\u011b pochopen\u00fd v\u00fdraz \u0161erp\u016f pro stvo\u0159en\u00ed y-teh (skaln\u00ed zv\u00ed\u0159e), p\u0159\u00edpadn\u011b odvozen\u00fd meh-Teh (medv\u011bd\u00ed mu\u017e). Tibe\u0165an\u00e9 jej tak\u00e9 naz\u00fdvaj\u00ed Dzu-teh (V\u00edt\u011bzn\u00fd medv\u011bd), co\u017e by souviselo s him\u00e1lajsk\u00fdm hn\u011bd\u00fdm medv\u011bdem (Ursus arctos isabellinus), kter\u00fd m\u016f\u017ee chodit po zadn\u00edch nohou, nebo mi-go (divoch).\u00a0<\/em><em>Tibetsk\u00e9 slovo chemo nebo dremo je velmi \u010dasto pou\u017e\u00edv\u00e1no jak pro Yetti, tak i pro him\u00e1lajsk\u00e9ho hn\u011bd\u00e9ho medv\u011bda.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>I Messner, kter\u00fd se z\u00fa\u010dastnil expedic k hled\u00e1n\u00ed yettiho, byl u\u017e v roce 1986 p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den o povaze sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho mu\u017ee: <em>&#8222;V\u0161echny d\u016fkazy ukazuj\u00ed na jak\u00e9hosi no\u010dn\u00edho medv\u011bda hn\u011bd\u00e9ho.&#8220;<\/em><\/p>\n<p>V roce 1956 antropolog William L. Strauss z Johns Hopkins University, \u0159ekl v \u010dasopise Science, \u017ee yetti <em>&#8222;podle nejlep\u0161\u00edch dostupn\u00fdch d\u016fkaz\u016f nebude nikdo jin\u00fd ne\u017e him\u00e1lajsk\u00fd medv\u011bd hn\u011bd\u00fd.&#8220;<\/em> (8) Op\u00edral se p\u0159itom o sv\u011bdeck\u00e9 v\u00fdpov\u011bdi a objeven\u00e9 stopy ve sn\u011bhu.<\/p>\n<ul>\n<li><em> &#8222;Mus\u00edme si uv\u011bdomit, \u017ee otisky se nemus\u00ed podobat stop\u016fm prim\u00e1ta, a na druh\u00e9 stran\u011b to m\u016f\u017ee b\u00fdt i medv\u011bd. Tato alternativa nen\u00ed tak divn\u00e1, jak by se mohlo na prvn\u00ed pohled zd\u00e1t: povrchn\u00ed podobnost nohou medv\u011bda a prim\u00e1ty si ji\u017e d\u00e1vno uv\u011bdomili p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdci a specialist\u00e9 na srovn\u00e1vac\u00ed anatomii.&#8220;<\/em><\/li>\n<\/ul>\n<p>Strauss p\u0159ipomn\u011bl ve sv\u00e9 knize <em>Hallmarks of mankind<\/em> (Miln\u00edky lidstva, 1948), \u017ee p\u0159\u00edrodov\u011bdec a antropolog Frederic Wood Jones vysv\u011btlil, \u017ee stopy tzv.<em> orang pendek<\/em>, legend\u00e1rn\u00edho mu\u017ee z d\u017eungl\u00ed Sumatry, jsou stopy malajsk\u00e9ho medv\u011bda.<\/p>\n<p>Stejn\u00e9ho n\u00e1zoru jako Strauss byl i indick\u00fd <em>Swami \u015br\u012bmat Pranavananda<\/em>, kter\u00fd rovn\u011b\u017e stopy yettiho vysv\u011btlil jako stopy him\u00e1lajsk\u00e9ho hn\u011bd\u00e9ho medv\u011bda. Stopy lamy, kter\u00e9 z\u016fstaly ve sn\u011bhu del\u0161\u00ed dobu neporu\u0161en\u00e9 na slunci i ve v\u011btru, se za dvacet p\u011bt dn\u016f rozrostly na d\u00e9lku 53 cm. Byl p\u0159esv\u011bd\u010den, \u017ee tento proces vytvo\u0159il slavnou stopu yettiho, objevenou <em>Ericem Shiptonem<\/em> (9) a Michaelem Wardem v roce 1951, kter\u00e1 vyvolala m\u00e1nii lovu na tuto bytost. Stopy byly velikosti stopy sl\u016fn\u011bte. Pranavananda se p\u016fvodn\u011b domn\u00edval, \u017ee \u0161lo o stopu sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho leoparda nebo vlka.<\/p>\n<p>Sn\u011b\u017en\u00fd mu\u017e, <em>yetti, bigfoot<\/em> aj. jsou kryptozoology pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za p\u0159e\u017eiv\u0161\u00ed jedince hominid\u016f, kter\u00e9 jsou pova\u017eov\u00e1ni za d\u00e1vno zanikl\u00e9 \u2013 <em>Homo neanderthalensis<\/em> v Rusku a St\u0159edn\u00ed Asii, <em>Homo erectus<\/em> jako div\u00ed mu\u017ei n\u011bkter\u00fdch asijsk\u00fdch ostrov\u016f, <em>Australopithecus<\/em> jako africk\u00e1 humanoidn\u00ed monstra; a <em>Gigantopithecus, Homo neanderthalensis <\/em>a<em> Homo erectus<\/em> jako yetti a dal\u0161\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p><strong><em>Odkazy<\/em><\/strong><\/p>\n<p><em>(1) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bryan_Sykes\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Bryan_Sykes<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(2) Z\u00e1hada sn\u011b\u017en\u00e9ho mu\u017ee je vy\u0159e\u0161ena. Je to medv\u011bd, tvrd\u00ed v\u011bdci. <a href=\"http:\/\/www.lidovky.cz\/zahada-snezneho-muze-je-vyresena-je-to-medved-tvrdi-vedci-peh-\/veda.aspx?c=A131017_153002_ln_veda_msl\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.lidovky.cz<\/a> <\/em><br \/>\n<em>(3) Him\u00e1lajsk\u00fd yetti m\u011bl p\u0159edky na \u0160picberk\u00e1ch, uk\u00e1zala anal\u00fdza DNA. <a href=\"http:\/\/zpravy.idnes.cz\/britsky-vedec-rozlouskl-zahadu-yettiho-f0l-\/zahranicni.aspx?c=A131017_152943_zahranicni_nat\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/zpravy.idnes.cz\/<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(4) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.wnd.com\/2005\/07\/31523\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.wnd.com\/2005\/07\/31523\/<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(5) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.skepticblog.org\/author\/loxton\/\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.skepticblog.org\/author\/loxton\/<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(6) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donald_Prothero\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Donald_Prothero<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(7) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reinhold_Messner\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Reinhold_Messner<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(8) <a href=\"http:\/\/www.bigfootencounters.com\/articles\/straus.htm\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/www.bigfootencounters.com\/articles\/straus.htm<\/a><\/em><br \/>\n<em>(9) <a href=\"http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eric_Shipton\" target=\"_blank\" rel=\"noopener\">http:\/\/en.wikipedia.org\/wiki\/Eric_Shipton<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Genetik Bryan Sykes (1) z Oxfordsk\u00e9 university tvrd\u00ed (podle zve\u0159ejn\u011bn\u00fdch zpr\u00e1v v mnoha m\u00e9di\u00edch), \u017ee p\u016fvod legendy o Yetti je<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":201,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,19],"tags":[34,29],"class_list":["post-1621","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-yetti","tag-zivocichove"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1621","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1621"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1621\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1622,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1621\/revisions\/1622"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/201"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1621"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1621"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1621"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}