{"id":1595,"date":"2023-11-11T00:33:06","date_gmt":"2023-11-10T23:33:06","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=1595"},"modified":"2023-11-06T19:40:09","modified_gmt":"2023-11-06T18:40:09","slug":"zahadna-umrti-ptaku","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2023\/11\/11\/zahadna-umrti-ptaku\/","title":{"rendered":"Z\u00e1hadn\u00e1 \u00famrt\u00ed pt\u00e1k\u016f"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><strong>Poda\u0159ilo se rozlu\u0161tit tajemstv\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho z\u00e1hadn\u00e9ho \u00fahynu pt\u00e1k\u016f<\/strong><!--more--><br \/>\nV roce 1961 do\u0161lo k hromadn\u00e9 sebevra\u017ed\u011b pt\u00e1k\u016f v Kalifornii. Tis\u00edce rack\u016f a bou\u0159\u0148\u00e1k\u016f spadlo z nebe do m\u011bsta <em>Capitol,<\/em> kter\u00fd se nach\u00e1z\u00ed na pob\u0159e\u017e\u00ed <em>Monterey Bay<\/em> ji\u017en\u011b od San Franciska.<\/p>\n<p>Tato z\u00e1hada inspirovala <em>Alfreda Hitchcocka<\/em> pro vytvo\u0159en\u00ed thrilleru <em>&#8222;Pt\u00e1ci&#8220;<\/em> (The Birds, 1963).<\/p>\n<p><strong>Co zp\u016fsobilo takovou z\u00e1hadu?<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>A\u017e nyn\u00ed biologov\u00e9 z Louisiansk\u00e9 st\u00e1tn\u00ed univerzity prozkoumali poz\u016fstatky pt\u00e1k\u016f z roku 1961, a dosp\u011bli k z\u00e1v\u011bru, \u017ee d\u016fvodem jejich podivn\u00e9ho chov\u00e1n\u00ed byla otrava j\u00eddlem.<br \/>\nNa\u0161li v \u017ealudku pt\u00e1k\u016f abnorm\u00e1ln\u011b vysok\u00e9 mno\u017estv\u00ed kyseliny C15H21NO6, toxinu, napadaj\u00edc\u00ed nervov\u00fd syst\u00e9m a zp\u016fsobuj\u00edc\u00ed dezorientaci v prostoru.<\/p>\n<p>Tato l\u00e1tka se dostala do t\u011bla pt\u00e1k\u016f p\u0159es an\u010dovi\u010dky a s\u00e9pie, kter\u00e9 jsou d\u016fle\u017eitou sou\u010d\u00e1st\u00ed jejich stravy.<\/p>\n<p>Ty se zase naopak \u017eiv\u00ed planktonem, a 79 procent zkouman\u00fdch vzork\u016f planktonu z roku 1961 byly kontaminov\u00e1ny touto chemik\u00e1li\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Jak se ale dostala do oce\u00e1nu?<\/p>\n<p>Podle n\u011bkter\u00fdch v\u011bdc\u016f hlavn\u00edmi vin\u00edky otravy jsou pesticidy z okoln\u00edch pol\u00ed.<\/p>\n<p>Dal\u0161\u00ed soud\u00ed, \u017ee plankton otr\u00e1vily odpadn\u00ed vody, vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00e9 do mo\u0159e.<\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady byly zaznamen\u00e1ny v oblasti Monterey Bay n\u011bkolikr\u00e1t.<\/p>\n<p><strong>P\u0159\u00edpad z m\u011bsta Beebe<\/strong><\/p>\n<p>P\u0159ipome\u0148me, \u017ee v noci 1. ledna 2011 popadalo na americk\u00e9 m\u011bsta Beebe v Arkansasu zhruba 3000 mrtv\u00fdch kos\u016f.<\/p>\n<p>\u201eMrtv\u00e1 t\u011bla pt\u00e1k\u016f pokryla ulice, n\u00e1dra\u017e\u00ed, silnice,\u201c &#8211; \u0159ekl novin\u00e1\u0159\u016fm z\u00e1stupce m\u00edstn\u00ed spr\u00e1vy Robbie King. <em>\u201eNebylo mo\u017en\u00e9 proj\u00edt, aby se nenarazilo na jejich poz\u016fstatky.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Podle m\u00edn\u011bn\u00ed ornitolog\u016f kosy zlikvidoval silvestrovsk\u00fd oh\u0148ostroj. Pt\u00e1ci se pr\u00fd sna\u017eili uniknout jasn\u00fdm z\u00e1blesk\u016fm a hluku, a snesli se p\u0159\u00edli\u0161 n\u00edzko. Srazili se s r\u016fzn\u00fdmi p\u0159edm\u011bty, nar\u00e1\u017eeli do nich a zem\u0159eli.<\/p>\n<p>S touto verz\u00ed ned\u00e1vno p\u0159i\u0161la <em>Karen Rowe<\/em> &#8211; z\u00e1stupce <em>Komise pro ochranu p\u0159\u00edrody a ryb\u00e1\u0159stv\u00ed st\u00e1tu Arkansas (Department of Wildlife and Fisheries).<\/em> Tak\u00e9 vysv\u011btlila, \u017ee mrtv\u00ed pt\u00e1ci nebyli kosi, ale jejich bl\u00edzc\u00ed p\u0159\u00edbuzn\u00ed &#8211; tzv. <em>Vlhovec \u010dervenok\u0159\u00eddl\u00fd (Agelaius phoeniceus).<\/em><\/p>\n<p>Podobn\u00e9 p\u0159\u00edpady \u201e<em>z\u00e1hadn\u00e9ho \u00famrt\u00ed pt\u00e1k\u016f\u201c<\/em> maj\u00ed jedno spole\u010dn\u00e9. Doch\u00e1z\u00ed k nim v d\u016fsledku n\u00e1hl\u00e9ho osvitu ter\u00e9nu, nej\u010dast\u011bji silnice, v dob\u011b po de\u0161ti, kdy vysvitne slunce. Let\u00edc\u00ed hejno pt\u00e1k\u016f je osln\u011bno odrazem slune\u010dn\u00edch paprsk\u016f od mokr\u00e9 vozovky, a dezorientovan\u00e9 let\u00ed p\u0159\u00edmo k zemi. N\u00e1razem na tvrdou vozovku pt\u00e1ci um\u00edraj\u00ed. M\u00e1lokdo si v\u0161imne, \u017ee mimo vozovku na m\u011bkk\u00e9 p\u016fd\u011b mrtv\u00ed pt\u00e1ci nejsou, nebo jen v\u00fdjime\u010dn\u011b.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"<p>Poda\u0159ilo se rozlu\u0161tit tajemstv\u00ed d\u00e1vn\u00e9ho z\u00e1hadn\u00e9ho \u00fahynu pt\u00e1k\u016f<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":1596,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,19],"tags":[29],"class_list":["post-1595","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-zivocichove"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1595"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1597,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1595\/revisions\/1597"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/1596"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1595"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1595"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1595"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}