{"id":1376,"date":"2023-09-04T00:29:28","date_gmt":"2023-09-03T22:29:28","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=1376"},"modified":"2023-08-27T23:07:56","modified_gmt":"2023-08-27T21:07:56","slug":"turinske-platno-nejgenialnejsi-vtip-leonarda-da-vinci","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2023\/09\/04\/turinske-platno-nejgenialnejsi-vtip-leonarda-da-vinci\/","title":{"rendered":"Tur\u00ednsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1tno – nejgeni\u00e1ln\u011bj\u0161\u00ed vtip Leonarda da Vinci?"},"content":{"rendered":"

Je mo\u017en\u00e9, aby na nejtajemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 relikvii byl s\u00e1m um\u011blec?<\/strong><\/p>\n

G\u00e9nius Leonardo da Vinci<\/em> (1452-1519) je obvin\u011bn z vytvo\u0159en\u00ed pad\u011blku nejzn\u00e1m\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 relikvie – tur\u00ednsk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna. S t\u00edmto n\u00e1zorem vystoupila Lillian Schwartzov\u00e1<\/em>, americk\u00e1 mal\u00ed\u0159ka, konzultantka \u0161koly v\u00fdtvarn\u00fdch um\u011bn\u00ed v New Yorku.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Pan\u00ed Schwarzov\u00e1 pe\u010dliv\u011b studovala da Vinciho tvorbu u\u017e od 80. let. Byla to ona, kdo poprv\u00e9 p\u0159edlo\u017eila senza\u010dn\u00ed hypot\u00e9zu, \u017ee Mona Lisa je jeho vlastn\u00edm autoportr\u00e9tem. Od t\u011bch dob se nemohla zbavit my\u0161lenky, \u017ee stejn\u00fd trik \u2013 tedy pou\u017eit\u00ed vlastn\u00ed podobizny – pou\u017eil jako vzor pro jin\u00fd obraz \u2013 tedy \u017ee Leonardo mohl tot\u00e9\u017e ud\u011blat s Je\u017e\u00ed\u0161em. G\u00e9niovi je dovoleno v\u0161e !<\/p>\n

A\u017e nyn\u00ed se z\u0159ejm\u011b poda\u0159ilo z\u00edskat pot\u0159ebn\u00e9 d\u016fkazy. S pomoc\u00ed speci\u00e1ln\u00edch po\u010d\u00edta\u010dov\u00fdch program\u016f si prohl\u00e9dla dva obrazy: dob\u0159e zn\u00e1m\u00fd autoportr\u00e9t um\u011blce a \u00fadajn\u00fd posmrtn\u00fd obraz Kristovy tv\u00e1\u0159e z tur\u00ednsk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna. Podobnost je \u00fa\u017easn\u00e1!<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. Portr\u00e9t Leonardo da Vinci a \u00fadajn\u00fd posmrtn\u00fd obraz Kristovy tv\u00e1\u0159e<\/em><\/p>\n

„Kristus“ je t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 zrcadlov\u00fdm obrazem velk\u00e9ho Mistra,\u201c<\/em> \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 L. Schwartzov\u00e1. \u201eT\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 v\u0161echny rysy perfektn\u011b vyhovuj\u00ed, v\u010detn\u011b \u0161pi\u010dky nosu, rt\u016f a o\u010d\u00ed.\u201c<\/em><\/p>\n

Podle badatelky Leonardo ud\u011blal sv\u016fj autoportr\u00e9t na kus l\u00e1tky, pokryt\u00fd sv\u011btlocitlivou l\u00e1tkou v d\u00edrkov\u00e9 komo\u0159e. Je to jednoduch\u00e9 za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed, schopn\u00e9 z\u00edsk\u00e1vat optick\u00e9 zobrazen\u00ed objekt\u016f. Komora p\u0159edstavuje sk\u0159\u00ed\u0148ku s otvorem v jedn\u00e9 st\u011bn\u011b a matn\u00fdm sklem nebo tenk\u00fdm b\u00edl\u00fdm pap\u00edrem na st\u011bn\u011b protilehl\u00e9.<\/p>\n

Paprsky sv\u011btla proch\u00e1z\u00ed skrz otvor o pr\u016fm\u011bru 0,5 \u2013 5 mm, a vytv\u00e1\u0159\u00ed obraz na protilehl\u00e9m pl\u00e1tn\u011b. Na tomto z\u00e1klad\u011b byl pozd\u011bji sestrojen prvn\u00ed fotoapar\u00e1t. Prvn\u00ed zm\u00ednky o tomto za\u0159\u00edzen\u00ed se vyskytuj\u00ed ve IV. stolet\u00ed p\u0159ed na\u0161\u00edm letopo\u010dtem ve spisech \u010d\u00ednsk\u00e9ho filozofa Mo Di. A podle skic jako prvn\u00ed p\u0159\u00edstroj pou\u017e\u00edval pr\u00e1v\u011b Leonardo da Vinci. Popsal ho podrobn\u011b ve sv\u00e9m „Pojedn\u00e1n\u00ed o mal\u00ed\u0159stv\u00ed“.<\/p>\n

Jak to funguje?<\/strong><\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

1.Busta Leonardo um\u00edst\u011bn\u00e1 p\u0159ed obrovskou „komorou“, co\u017e je tmav\u00e1 m\u00edstnost s krystalem (\u010do\u010dkou) v otvoru ve st\u011bn\u011b. <\/em>
\n2. Obraz se prom\u00edtl p\u0159es objektiv na pl\u00e1tno, obraz se vytvo\u0159il za pomoc\u00ed nanesen\u00e9 sv\u011btlocitliv\u00e9 emulze vyroben\u00e9 z vaje\u010dn\u00fdch b\u00edlk\u016f a \u017eelatiny. Obraz je vzh\u016fru nohama. <\/em>
\n3. B\u011bhem n\u011bkolika dn\u00ed se obraz obtiskl na pl\u00e1tno<\/em><\/p>\n

 <\/p>\n

\u201ePokud da Vinci v\u011bd\u011bl, \u017ee po jeho smrti, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 po 500 let lid\u00e9 budou uct\u00edvat toto pl\u00e1tno, ur\u010dit\u011b by se dob\u0159e bavil,\u201c <\/em>\u0159\u00edk\u00e1 dal\u0161\u00ed v\u00fdzkumn\u00edk, amat\u00e9rsk\u00fd historik Lynn Picknett.<\/em><\/p>\n

Jestli je tur\u00ednsk\u00e9 pl\u00e1tno pad\u011bl\u00e1no, nebylo dosud pln\u011b objasn\u011bno. Nicm\u00e9n\u011b, profesor Centra pro v\u00fdzkum tur\u00ednsk\u00e9ho pl\u00e1tna v Coloradu, John Jackson, zpochybnil z\u00e1v\u011bry pan\u00ed Schwartzov\u00e9. Podle n\u011bj se zobrazen\u00ed pl\u00e1tna poprv\u00e9 objevilo na medailonu ze XIV. stolet\u00ed, t\u00e9m\u011b\u0159 sto let p\u0159ed narozen\u00edm Leonarda. A radiokarbonov\u00e1 anal\u00fdza fragment\u016f tk\u00e1n\u011b z roku 1988 je neudr\u017eiteln\u00e1, proto\u017ee vzorek byl kontaminov\u00e1n.<\/p>\n

Mo\u017en\u00e1 v\u011bdci budou bl\u00ed\u017e k pravd\u011b v dal\u0161\u00edch l\u00e9tech, kdy relikvie budou op\u011bt ve\u0159ejn\u011b vystaveny.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Obr. Podle dokument\u016f mohl da Vinci vytvo\u0159it sv\u016fj portr\u00e9t na tkaninu s pomoc\u00ed d\u00edrkov\u00e9 komory.<\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Je mo\u017en\u00e9, aby na nejtajemn\u011bj\u0161\u00ed k\u0159es\u0165ansk\u00e9 relikvii byl s\u00e1m um\u011blec?<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":509,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[9,19],"tags":[24,33],"class_list":["post-1376","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-historie","category-zahady","tag-evropa","tag-podvod"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1376"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1381,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1376\/revisions\/1381"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/509"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1376"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1376"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1376"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}