{"id":1131,"date":"2023-08-01T00:24:54","date_gmt":"2023-07-31T22:24:54","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/?p=1131"},"modified":"2023-07-22T02:36:30","modified_gmt":"2023-07-22T00:36:30","slug":"pred-lety-byl-vyslan-vzkaz-mimozemstanum","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/2023\/08\/01\/pred-lety-byl-vyslan-vzkaz-mimozemstanum\/","title":{"rendered":"P\u0159ed lety byl vysl\u00e1n vzkaz mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016fm"},"content":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va \u00famysln\u011b zaslan\u00e1 mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016fm opustila Zemi na palub\u011b sondy Pioneer 10<\/em>, je\u017e v roce 1983 opustila Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavu.<\/strong><\/p>\n

Sonda odstartovala z mysu Canaveral<\/em> na Florid\u011b<\/em> v horn\u00ed \u010d\u00e1sti rakety Atlas-Centaur<\/em> dne 2. b\u0159ezna 1972. Je na n\u00ed pozlacen\u00e1 deska s postavami mu\u017ee a \u017eeny, a symboly, kter\u00e9 by v p\u0159\u00edpad\u011b si, \u017ee je najde inteligentn\u00ed bytost, odvod\u00ed z nich p\u016fvod a \u010das vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed sondy. Jeho dvoj\u010de Pioneer 11<\/em> za\u010dal svou cestu 6. dubna 1973 a byla na n\u00ed stejn\u00e1 deska.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

Vzkaz na Pioneer 10 <\/em>a 11<\/em> jsou l\u00e1hvemi, hozen\u00fdmi do nekone\u010dn\u00e9ho oce\u00e1nu. Pravd\u011bpodobnost, \u017ee je jednou n\u011bkdo najde, je prakticky nulov\u00e1, stejn\u011b jako u zlat\u00fdch desek se zvukov\u00fdmi a obrazov\u00fdmi z\u00e1znamy, um\u00edst\u011bn\u00fdmi na dvou sond\u00e1ch Voyager.<\/em><\/p>\n

Jsou ale symbolem lidsk\u00e9ho pokroku a hled\u00e1n\u00ed jin\u00e9 inteligence ve vesm\u00edru.<\/p>\n

Toto dobrodru\u017estv\u00ed zapo\u010dalo pasivn\u011b v dubnu 1960, kdy\u017e Frank Drake<\/em> zam\u011b\u0159il ant\u00e9ny observato\u0159e Green Bank<\/em> po dobu 200 hodin na hv\u011bzdy Epsilon Eridani <\/em>a Tau Ceti.<\/em><\/p>\n

Dva roky po odesl\u00e1n\u00ed prvn\u00ed sondy Pioneer ode\u0161la i prvn\u00ed v\u00fdzva jin\u00fdm sv\u011bt\u016fm z teleskopu v Arecibu, adresovan\u00e1 hv\u011bzdokup\u011b M13, vzd\u00e1len\u00e9 25.000 sv\u011bteln\u00fdch let.<\/p>\n

N\u00e1vrh, aby Pioneer nesl mezihv\u011bzdn\u00fd pozdrav, p\u0159edlo\u017eili spisovatel\u00e9 Eric Burgess <\/em>a Richard C. Hoagland<\/em>, jak vysv\u011btlil astrofyzik Carl Sagan<\/em> a jeho kolegov\u00e9 v \u010dasopise Science<\/em> v roce 1972, v \u010dl\u00e1nku s n\u00e1zvem \u201eZpr\u00e1va od Zem\u011b.\u201c<\/em> Grafick\u00e9ho n\u00e1vrhu desky se ujala filmov\u00e1 v\u00fdtvarnice Linda Salzmanov\u00e1<\/em>, druh\u00e1 Saganova man\u017eelka.<\/p>\n

Od t\u00e9 doby se R. Hoagland<\/em> stal konspir\u00e1torem,<\/em> zast\u00e1ncem my\u0161lenky, \u017ee NASA skr\u00fdv\u00e1 d\u016fkaz o mimozem\u0161\u0165anech a z\u00edskal Nobelovu anticenu v roce 1997 za identifikaci struktur na M\u011bs\u00edci<\/em> a Marsu,<\/em> v\u010detn\u011b lidsk\u00e9 tv\u00e1\u0159e v oblasti Cydonia<\/em> a 10 mil vysok\u00fdch budov na odvr\u00e1cen\u00e9 stran\u011b M\u011bs\u00edce v knize \u201eThe Monumenst of Mars\u201c<\/em> (1997). (1)<\/p>\n

Na desce o \u0161\u00ed\u0159ce 22,9 cm a v\u00fd\u0161ce 15,2 cm je, mimo jin\u00e9 informace, o na\u0161\u00ed kosmick\u00e9 adrese a obrazy mu\u017ee, \u017eeny a sondy ve stejn\u00e9m m\u011b\u0159\u00edtku tak, aby mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u00e9 dostali p\u0159edstavu o na\u0161ich rozm\u011brech.<\/p>\n

„Carl Sagan navrhl p\u016fvodn\u011b mapu Velk\u00e9ho vozu a n\u011bkolik souhv\u011bzd\u00ed. To by ur\u010dilo \u010das s p\u0159esnost\u00ed vypu\u0161t\u011bn\u00ed na asi 10.000 let a m\u00edsto startu s p\u0159esnost\u00ed asi 20 nebo 30 let,“ \u0159\u00edk\u00e1 Drake ve sv\u00e9 knize (1978). Nakonec nakreslil mapu za pomoc\u00ed \u010dtrn\u00e1ct pulsar\u016f, spolu se strukturou Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavy.
\nP\u016fvodn\u011b se m\u011bly postavy dr\u017eet za ruce, ale nakonec se rozhodli je odd\u011blit, aby bylo jasn\u00e9, \u017ee jde o dva lidi, a ne jednu bytost.<\/p>\n

P\u016fvodn\u00ed n\u00e1vrh obsahoval i malou linku symbolizuj\u00edc\u00ed pochvu, ale nakonec od toho bylo upu\u0161t\u011bno, proto\u017ee s t\u00edm NASA nesouhlasila. Krom\u011b toho, konzervativn\u00ed skupiny feministek nesouhlasily s obrazem nah\u00e9 \u017eeny, kter\u00e1 se nav\u00edc zd\u00e1 b\u00fdt o krok pozadu za mu\u017eem, kter\u00fd nav\u00edc tak\u00e9 m\u00e1v\u00e1\u2026<\/p>\n

N\u011bkter\u00fdm se tak\u00e9 zd\u00e1lo, \u017ee je \u017eena b\u00edl\u00e1, jin\u00fdm, \u017ee je \u010dern\u00e1…<\/p>\n

Poselstv\u00ed na Pioneeru<\/em> se stal, jak Sagan<\/em> \u0159ekl, jak\u00fdmsi druhem Rorschachova kosmick\u00e9ho testu<\/em>, v n\u011bm\u017e ka\u017ed\u00fd prom\u00edt\u00e1 sv\u00e9 obavy, touhy, nad\u011bje…<\/p>\n

Pioneer 10 byl prvn\u00edm p\u0159\u00edstrojem, vyroben\u00fdm \u010dlov\u011bkem, kter\u00fd se p\u0159es p\u00e1s planetek a dr\u00e1hu Jupitera dostal mimo Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavu. Odl\u00e9t\u00e1 od n\u00e1s rychlost\u00ed 12,24 kilometr\u016f za sekundu a za 2 miliony let projde pobl\u00ed\u017e Aldebaranu. Na\u0161e poselstv\u00ed do vesm\u00edru m\u016f\u017ee z\u016fstat ve vaakuu neporu\u0161en\u00e9 i stovky milion\u016f let. Pioneer 10 zaslal svou posledn\u00ed zpr\u00e1vu 23. ledna 2003, p\u0159edt\u00edm, ne\u017e j\u00ed u\u017e nedostatek energie donutil p\u0159eru\u0161it komunikaci se Zem\u00ed. Byla 12 miliard kilometr\u016f od domova.<\/p>\n

Odkazy<\/strong><\/em><\/p>\n

(1) http:\/\/improbable.com\/ig\/ig-pastwinners.html#ig1997<\/a><\/em><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

Prvn\u00ed zpr\u00e1va \u00famysln\u011b zaslan\u00e1 mimozem\u0161\u0165an\u016fm opustila Zemi na palub\u011b sondy Pioneer 10, je\u017e v roce 1983 opustila Slune\u010dn\u00ed soustavu.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":421,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"footnotes":""},"categories":[17,19],"tags":[58,59],"class_list":["post-1131","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-veda","category-zahady","tag-mimozemstane","tag-vesmir"],"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131","targetHints":{"allow":["GET"]}}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/post"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1131"}],"version-history":[{"count":1,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":1133,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/posts\/1131\/revisions\/1133"}],"wp:featuredmedia":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media\/421"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1131"}],"wp:term":[{"taxonomy":"category","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/categories?post=1131"},{"taxonomy":"post_tag","embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/www.zahadyazajimavosti.cz\/index.php\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/tags?post=1131"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}